Effect of early tracheostomy in mechanically ventilated patients.

Objective: To investigate the effect of the timing of tracheostomy in patients who required prolonged mechanical ventilation using two methods: analysis of early versus late tracheostomy and landmark analysis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patients who were emergently intubated and admitted into the intensive care unit or high dependency unit between January 2011 and August 2016, with or without tracheostomy, were included.

[Introduction of Percutaneous Dilational Tracheotomy in Otolaryngology Residency Training].

In 2009, we introduced percutaneous dilational tracheotomy (PDT) in otolaryngology residency training. PDT was performed in 21 cases and five residents had an opportunity to learn PDT. No major complications occurred.

[A videoendoscopic swallowing examination using a scoring system for prediction of successful oral intake after discharge from an acute care hospital].

It is often difficult to decide whether to restart an oral diet during acute hospitalization. We investigated retrospectively the predictive factors for successful oral intake after discharge from an acute care hospital or transfer to a recovery rehabilitation hospital. A total of 45 inpatients were enrolled, presenting with dysphagia due to various diseases during hospitalization in an acute care hospital.

[Prevention of wound complications after salvage total laryngectomy following chemoradiotherapy with a pectoralis major muscle interposition flap].

There is an increased risk of wound complications in patients undergoing salvage laryngectomy following chemoradiotherapy. To reduce the rate of wound complications after a salvage total laryngectomy, a fresh tissue reinforcement of the pharyngeal suture line (pharyngeal interposition graft) has been reported to be useful. In the present study, wound complications after a salvage total laryngectomy with a pectoralis major muscle flap as a pharyngeal interposition graft were analyzed.

Locations of congenital cholesteatoma in the middle ear in Japanese patients.

Objectives: To present clinical features of congenital cholesteatoma treated in our institute and to investigate the locations of congenital cholesteatoma in the middle ear of Japanese patients to verify its pathogeneses.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients in our institute and a review of articles on congenital cholesteatoma reported by Japanese researchers. Charts of the 25 patients with congenital cholesteatoma treated in our institute were reviewed regarding symptoms, locations of cholesteatoma in the middle ear, and ossicular anomalies.

The efficacy of Burow's solution as an ear preparation for the treatment of chronic ear infections.

Objective: To determine the efficacy of Burow's solution as an otologic preparation for the treatment of chronic ear infection.

Study Design: Two studies were included: 1) a prospective clinical study and 2) a laboratory study on antibacterial and antifungal effects.

Setting: A private otology practice and a laboratory study.