[A Case of Local Recurrence of Esophageal Cancer after Chemoradiation Therapy Successfully Treated with Nivolumab].

We report a case of a patient with locally recurrent esophageal cancer after chemoradiation therapy(CRT)who responded to nivolumab. The patient was an 86-year-old man with advanced esophageal cancer. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (EGD)revealed a type 2 lesion in the middle thoracic esophagus, and biopsy revealed squamous cell carcinoma(SCC).

[A Case of HER2-Positive Advanced Gastric Cancer with Liver Metastasis Treated by Laparoscopic Surgery after Chemotherapy and Achieved Pathological Complete Response].

A 77-year-old man presented to our hospital with diarrhea and weight loss. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed advanced Type 3 gastric cancer measuring 40 mm in the lower greater curvature of the stomach. Biopsy from a gastric tumor revealed moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma overexpressing HER2.

[Indications and Outcomes of Laparoscopic Endoscopic Cooperative Surgery(LECS)for Gastric Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor].

Laparoscopic and endoscopic cooperative surgery(LECS)for gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)has become a popular surgery with both curability and functional preservation. In this study, we examined the outcomes of 14 patients who underwent classical LECS or CLEAN-NET in our hospital. Until March 2022, classical LECS was performed in patients with intraluminal growth tumors or tumors close to the gastroesophageal junction.

High-Mobility Group Box 1 expression predicts survival of patients after resection of adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater.

Background: Expression of High-Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1), a multifunctional protein involved in DNA function as well as cell proliferation, inflammation, and the immune response, has been reported to be prognostic in several types of malignancies. However, the prognostic value of HMGB1 in ampullary cancer has not been studied.

Methods: Patients with adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater who underwent R0 resection with pancreaticoduodenectomy between 2001 and 2011 were included in the present multi-institutional study.

[A Case of Neuroendocrine Tumor G1 of the Ileum with Multiple Liver Metastases].

A 74-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with multiple liver tumors detected by routine ultrasonography. Colonoscopy showed a type 2 tumor measuring approximately 25mm in diameter at the terminal ileum. The biopsy specimen showed neuroendocrine tumor(NET)G1.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy of pancreatic cancer induces a favorable immunogenic tumor microenvironment associated with increased major histocompatibility complex class I-related chain A/B expression.

Background: Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) are related to immune responses in malignant tumors including tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship between expression of components of DAMPs and TILs in pancreatic cancer patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) versus those who did not.

Methods: NACRT was administered to 51 patients with borderline-resectable pancreatic cancer and not to 33 patients with resectable pancreatic cancer.

Predictive factors for bile leakage after hepatectomy for hepatic tumors: a retrospective multicenter study with 631 cases at Yokohama Clinical Oncology Group (YCOG).

Background: International Study Group of Liver Surgery (ISGLS) proposed the standardized definition for bile leakage (BL) after hepatectomy (Hx) at 2011 to precisely perceive incidence and predictive factors of this critical condition.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective study using the ISGLS definition of BL after Hx.

Results: Perioperative data regarding 631 patients undergoing elective Hx for hepatic tumors without biliary reconstruction performed between January 2009 and December 2011 were analyzed.

Is Routine Prophylactic Cholecystectomy Necessary During Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer?

Background: Performing routine prophylactic cholecystectomy during gastrectomy in gastric cancer patients has been controversial. The frequency of cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, and cholangitis after gastrectomy has not been reported for large patient populations, so we carried out this retrospective study to aid the assessment of the necessity for prophylactic cholecystectomy.

Methods: This retrospective study reviewed 969 patients with gastric cancer who underwent distal gastrectomies with Billroth I reconstructions (DG) or total gastrectomies with Roux-en-Y reconstructions (TG), preserving the gallbladder, between January 2000 and May 2012.

Hepatic Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Elderly: Selecting Hepatectomy Procedures Based on Patient Age.

Background: The number of elderly patients who undergo hepatectomy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been increasing. Therefore, criteria for selection of an appropriate hepatectomy procedure are required.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and twenty-nine HCC patients undergoing hepatectomy were enrolled in the present study.

Thrombomodulin improves rat survival after extensive hepatectomy.

Background: Recombinant human soluble thrombomodulin (rTM) protects against disseminated intravascular coagulopathy by inhibiting coagulation, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study tests the hypothesis that rTM is hepatoprotective after extensive hepatectomy (Hx) and investigates the mechanisms underlying this effect.

Materials And Methods: Experiment 1: rats (15 per group) were injected with rTM (1.

The efficacy of liver resection for multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background And Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of liver resection for multinodular hepatocellular carcinoma (MNHCC).

Patients And Methods: A total of 399 patients who underwent R0 resection for HCC from 1992 to 2011 were subjected to analysis. Out of these 399 patients, 107 patients had multinodular HCC, while 292 had a single tumor.

Differential diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions using contrast-enhanced three-dimensional ultrasonography.

Purpose: To investigate the usefulness of contrast-enhanced three-dimensional ultrasonography (CE 3D US) for differential diagnosis of solid pancreatic lesions.

Methods: Eighty-five patients with solid pancreatic lesions who underwent CE 3D US were retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-four patients had pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 10 had mass-forming pancreatitis (MFP), and 11 had neuroendocrine tumor (NET).

The modified Glasgow prognostic score as a predictor of survival after hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases.

Background: The inflammation-based Glasgow prognostic score (GPS) has been demonstrated to be prognostic for various tumors. We investigated the value of the modified GPS (mGPS) for the prognosis of patients undergoing curative resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM).

Methods: A total of 343 patients were enrolled onto this study.

Utility of real-time three-dimensional echocardiography for Duchenne muscular dystrophy with echocardiographic limitations.

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is strongly associated with a unique form of dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiac complications are the leading cause of death in DMD; thus, longitudinal assessments and early intervention for cardiac dysfunction are necessary to improve prognosis. Two-dimensional echocardiography, which is routinely used for cardiac assessment, has some limitations for quantitative analyses in DMD patients with thoracic deformities and regional wall motion abnormalities in the left ventricle.

Adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil and interferon after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma: a preliminary report.

Background And Aim: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein invasion or intrahepatic metastases has an unfavorable prognosis, even after curative hepatic resection. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and systemic interferon (IFN).

Patients And Methods: Patients who were diagnosed as having HCC with portal vein invasion or intrahepatic metastases were included in the study (n=33).

Solitary rib recurrence of hilar cholangiocarcinoma 10 years after resection: report of a case.

A 61-year-old female underwent right hemihepatectomy and caudate lobectomy for hilar cholangiocarcinoma in 1999. Ten years later, increasing serum carbohydrate 19-9 was detected by routine follow-up. Subsequent positron emission tomography revealed an asymptomatic lesion in the right 11th rib.

Immunological impact of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Background: Little is known about the immunological effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) in the tumor microenvironment of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The objective of this study was to examine the immunological modifications induced by NACRT in patients with pancreatic cancer.

Methods: Fifty-two patients with pancreatic cancer who underwent surgical resection were enrolled in this study.

Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma arising 28 years after excision of a type IV-A congenital choledochal cyst: report of a case.

This report presents a rare case of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) arising 28 years after excision of a type IV-A congenital choledochal cyst. The patient underwent excision of a congenital choledochal cyst (Todani's type IV-A) at 12 years of age, with Roux-en-Y hepaticojejunostomy reconstruction. She received a pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) using the modified Child method for an infection of a residual congenital choledochal cyst in the pancreatic head at the age of 18.

Endoscopic ultrasonographic findings predict the risk of carcinoma in branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

Background: The preoperative diagnosis of branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) of the pancreas can be very difficult, since low-risk and high-risk lesions can be difficult to differentiate even after cytological analysis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the preoperative diagnostic value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in differentiating low-risk and high-risk IPMNs.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 36 patients who underwent preoperative EUS for branch duct IPMNs.

The influence of viral hepatitis status on long-term HCC outcome in patients with non-cirrhotic livers.

Aim: To evaluate the influence of viral hepatitis status on the long-term outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in non-cirrhotic livers.

Patients And Methods: Two hundred and seventy-nine patients diagnosed with HCC underwent liver resection. Histologic examination of the resected liver confirmed the absence of cirrhosis in 145 patients.

Efficacy of surgery for lung metastases from colorectal cancer synchronous to or following that for liver metastases.

Aim: To evaluate the validity of surgical therapy for isolated hepatic and pulmonary colorectal metastases.

Patients And Methods: Among 256 patients with liver resection for colorectal cancer metastases, 31 patients underwent resection for lung metastases synchronously or following liver resection.

Results: Twenty-nine patients (93.

FOXP3+ regulatory T cells and tumoral indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression predicts the carcinogenesis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

Background And Aims: FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a central role in self-tolerance and suppress the effective antitumor immune response. A recent study revealed that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-mediated tryptophan depletion was able to affect local tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical significance of the tumor-infiltrating Tregs and tumoral IDO expression during the progression of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas.