Measurement of extreme hyperfine fields in two-coordinate high-spin Fe2+ complexes by Mössbauer spectroscopy: essentially free-ion magnetism in the solid state.

Mössbauer studies of three two-coordinate linear high-spin Fe(2+) compounds, namely, Fe{N(SiMe3)(Dipp)}2 (1) (Dipp = C6H3-2,6-(i)Pr2), Fe(OAr')2 (2) [Ar' = C6H3-2,6-(C6H3-2,6-(i)Pr2)2], and Fe{C(SiMe3)3}2 (3), are presented. The complexes were characterized by zero- and applied-field Mössbauer spectroscopy (1-3), as well as zero- and applied-field heat-capacity measurements (3). As 1-3 are rigorously linear, the distortion(s) that might normally be expected in view of the Jahn-Teller theorem need not necessarily apply.

Thermodynamic relationship between structural isomers of the thermochromic compound bis(N-Isopropyl-5,6-benzosalicylideneiminato)nickel(II).

A pair of structural isomers was isolated at room temperature for the thermochromic nickel complex bis( N-isopropyl-5,6-benzosalicylideneiminato)nickel(II); one is a diamagnetic green form with square-planar coordination geometry (G phase), and the other is a paramagnetic brown form with a tetrahedral geometry (B phase). However, a question as to which form is thermodynamically stable was left open. To solve this problem, thermal and magnetic properties of this complex were investigated by adiabatic heat capacity calorimetry in the 6-508 K temperature range and magnetic measurements in the 2-400 K region.

Magnetostructural study of 2-(4-N-tert-butylaminoxylphenyl)benzimidazole.

The heat capacity of the title organic free radical, PhBABI, was measured over 0.3-300 K by adiabatic calorimetry and relaxation methods in the presence of external magnetic fields up to 9 T. A hump in the magnetic heat capacity was observed with a maximum at about 15 K in zero field, which did not shift at fields up to 9 T.

Mechanochemical effect in the iron(III) spin crossover complex [Fe(3-MeO-salenEt2]PF6 as studied by heat capacity calorimetry.

Magnetic and thermal properties of the iron(III) spin crossover complex [Fe(3MeO-salenEt)(2)]PF(6) are very sensitive to mechanochemical perturbations. Heat capacities for unperturbed and differently perturbed samples were precisely determined by adiabatic calorimetry at temperatures in the 10-300 K range. The unperturbed compound shows a cooperative spin crossover transition at 162.

Spin crossover phenomenon accompanying order-disorder phase transition in the ligand of [FeII(DAPP)(abpt)](ClO4)2 compound (DAPP = bis(3-aminopropyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, abpt = 4-amino-3,5-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole) and its successive self-grinding effect.

The spin crossover phenomenon of the recently described spin crossover complex [FeII(DAPP)(abpt)](ClO4)2 [DAPP = bis(3-aminopropyl)(2-pyridylmethyl)amine, abpt = 4-amino-3,5-bis(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4-triazole] accompanying an order-disorder phase transition of the ligand was investigated by adiabatic heat capacity calorimetry, far-IR, IR, and Raman spectroscopies, and normal vibrational mode calculation. A large heat capacity peak due to the spin crossover transition was observed at T(trs) = 185.61 K.

Alkyl group as entropy reservoir in an MMX chain complex, Pt2(n-PenCS2)4I.

Heat capacity of halogen-bridged one-dimensional binuclear metal complex (so-called MMX chain) having four n-pentyl groups, Pt2(n-PenCS2)4I, was measured by adiabatic calorimetry. A first-order phase transition was observed at 207.4 K when measurement was made after cooling from room temperature.

Water structures of differing order and mobility in aqueous solutions of schizophyllan, a triple-helical polysaccharide as revealed by dielectric dispersion measurements.

Dielectric dispersion measurements were made on aqueous solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan over a wide concentration range 10-50 wt % at -45 to +30 degrees C. In the solution state, three different water structures with the different relaxation times tau were found, namely, bound water (taul), structured water (taus), and loosely structured water (tauls) in addition to free water (tauP). Structured water is less mobile and loosely structured water is nearly as mobile as free water, but bound water with taul is much less mobile, thus taul >> taus >> tauls greater, similar tauP.

Static water structure detected by heat capacity measurements on aqueous solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan.

Heat capacity measurements were made on aqueous solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan by precision adiabatic calorimetry over a wide range of concentrations 30.45-90.93 wt % at temperatures between 5 and 315 K.

Alkyl chains acting as entropy reservoir in liquid crystalline materials.

The roles played by the conformational disordering of alkyl chains in determining the aggregation states of matter are reviewed for liquid crystalline materials from a thermodynamic perspective. Entropy, which is one of the most macroscopic concepts but which has a clear microscopic meaning, provides crucial microscopic information for complex systems for which a microscopic description is hard to establish. Starting from structural implication by absolute (third-law) entropy for crystalline solids, the existence of successive phase transitions caused by the successive conformational melting of alkyl chains in discotic mesogens is explained.

Ordering in aqueous polysaccharide solutions. II. Optical rotation and heat capacity of aqueous solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan.

Deuterium oxide solutions of schizophyllan, a triple-helical polysaccharide, undergoing an order-disorder transition centered at 17 degrees C, were studied by optical rotation (OR) and heat capacity (C(p)) to elucidate the molecular mechanism of the transition and water structure in the solution and frozen states. The ordered structure at low temperature consisted of the side chains and water in the vicinity forming an ordered hydrogen-bonded network surrounding the helix core and was disordered at higher temperature. In the solution state appeared clearly defined transition curves in both the OR and C(p) data.

Degree of disorder in cubic mesophases in thermotropics: thermodynamic study of a liquid crystal showing two cubic mesophases.

Heat capacity of a thermotropic mesogen ANBC(22) (4(')-alkoxy-3(')-nitrobiphenyl-4-carboxylic acid with 22 carbon atoms in alkyl chain) showing two cubic mesophases was measured by adiabatic calorimetry between 13 and 480 K. Excess enthalpies and entropies due to phase transitions were determined. A small thermal anomaly due to the cubic Im3m-->cubic Ia3d phase transition was successfully detected.

Thermodynamic investigation of the charge-ordered insulating state of the quasi-one-dimensional organic system (DI-DCNQI)2Ag.

Heat capacity measurements of a charge-ordered organic conductor (DI-DCNQI)2Ag have been performed in a temperature range between 0.3 and 14 K. We found no thermal anomaly at the Néel temperature ( T(N) = 5.

Ordering in aqueous polysaccharide solutions. I. Dielectric relaxation in aqueous solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan.

Deuterium oxide solutions of a triple-helical polysaccharide schizophyllan, undergoing an order-disorder transition centered around 17 degrees C, were studied by the time-domain reflectometry (TDR) to obtain dielectric dispersions in the solution and frozen states. In the solution state, the dispersion below the transition temperature is resolved in three dispersions (relaxation times at 0 degrees C) ascribed to side chain glucose residue (1; 102 ns), structured water (s; 2.0 ns) and bulk water (h), respectively, from low to high frequencies.