Retrospective study of 540 cats with respiratory diseases in Japan (2003-2020).

Background: Few epidemiological studies on respiratory medicine and the relationship between clinical signs and various respiratory diseases in cats have been reported.

Objectives: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the prevalence and breed predisposition to feline respiratory diseases in Japan and determine the association between clinical signs, duration and type of respiratory diseases.

Methods: The medical records of cats with feline respiratory diseases were examined to obtain information on age, sex, breed, final diagnosis, clinical signs and duration.

Retrospective study of 1050 dogs with respiratory symptoms in Japan (2005-2020).

Background: Few studies have investigated the incidence of respiratory diseases based on anatomical sites or the relationship between breed and these diseases.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of canine respiratory diseases among dogs in Japan, with relationship to the breed.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of dogs with respiratory symptoms and calculated the odds ratio (OR) to evaluate the relationship between breed and disease.

Primary pulmonary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma associated with feline leukaemia virus infection in a young cat.

Case Summary: A 4-year-old castrated male domestic shorthair cat with a continuous cough was brought to a private veterinary clinic for detailed examination. Radiography of the thoracic cavity revealed a severe radiopaque region in the caudal lobe of the right lung. At 108 days after the initial visit, CT showed a mass of 27 × 23 × 18 mm in the caudal lobe of the right lung.

Comparison of Canine and Feline Meningiomas Using the Apparent Diffusion Coefficient and Fractional Anisotropy.

Meningiomas are the most common intracranial tumor in dogs and cats, and their surgical resection is often performed because they are present on the brain surface. Typical meningiomas show comparatively characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings that lead to clinical diagnosis; however, it is necessary to capture not only macroscopic changes but also microstructural changes to devise a strategy for surgical resection and/or quality of removal. To visualize such microstructural changes, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have been used in human medicine.

Efficacy of chemotherapy and palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy for cats with nasal lymphoma.

Nasal lymphoma (NL) is the most common nasal tumor in cats, and radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or a combination of these treatments have been described as the treatment for this disease. However, the previous studies included various machines and protocols of radiotherapy. Therefore, we aimed to retrospectively compare the prognosis among cases treated with palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and a combination of them with united machine and protocol of radiotherapy.

Dynamic pharyngeal collapse in three cats with different pharyngeal pathology.

Dynamic pharyngeal collapse (PC) is a rarely reported condition in cats defined as the partial or complete collapse of the pharyngeal lumen during inspiration. Herein, we report the imaging findings and clinical features of three cats with dynamic PC. Lateral radiograph of the head was insufficient to detect dynamic PC, but fluoroscopy in conscious cats revealed dynamic PC.

Statistical Structural Analysis of Familial Spontaneous Epileptic Cats Using Voxel-Based Morphometry.

Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on high resolution three-dimensional data of magnetic resonance imaging has been developed as a statistical morphometric imaging analysis method to locate brain abnormalities in humans. Recently, VBM has been used for human patients with psychological or neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and epilepsy. Traditional volumetry using region of interest (ROI) is performed manually and the observer needs detailed knowledge of the neuroanatomy having to trace objects of interest on many slices which can cause artificial errors.

Vesicoenteric Fistula Arising from an Adenocarcinoma of Ectopic Pancreatic Tissue in a Meckel Diverticulum.

We report a case of a vesicoenteric fistula arising from an adenocarcinoma of ectopic pancreatic tissue in a Meckel diverticulum in a 58-year-old man. The patient suffered from refractory micturition pain and increased urinary frequency. Computerized tomography with a contrast agent showed a ring-shaped enhanced mass near the dome of the urinary bladder.

Neuropathologic features of the hippocampus and amygdala in cats with familial spontaneous epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE To investigate epilepsy-related neuropathologic changes in cats of a familial spontaneous epileptic strain (ie, familial spontaneous epileptic cats [FSECs]). ANIMALS 6 FSECs, 9 age-matched unrelated healthy control cats, and 2 nonaffected (without clinical seizures)dams and 1 nonaffected sire of FSECs. PROCEDURES Immunohistochemical analyses were used to evaluate hippocampal sclerosis, amygdaloid sclerosis, mossy fiber sprouting, and granule cell pathological changes.

Molecular cloning and characterization of the family of feline leucine-rich glioma-inactivated (LGI) genes, and mutational analysis in familial spontaneous epileptic cats.

Background: Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated (LGI) proteins play a critical role in synaptic transmission. Dysfunction of these genes and encoded proteins is associated with neurological disorders such as genetic epilepsy or autoimmune limbic encephalitis in animals and human. Familial spontaneous epileptic cats (FSECs) are the only feline strain and animal model of familial temporal lobe epilepsy.

Efficacy of zonisamide on interictal electroencephalography in familial spontaneous epileptic cats.

Objectives The effectiveness of zonisamide (ZNS) against spontaneous epilepsy in cats has not yet been described. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of ZNS on interictal paroxysmal discharges (PDs) using scalp electroencephalography (EEG) in familial spontaneous epileptic cats (FSECs). Methods Eight FSECs were evaluated (six males and two females).

A cat with suspected laryngeal metastasis with mucosal irregularity resulting from apocrine/salivary gland adenocarcinoma in the head.

A 16-year-old castrated male mongrel cat presented with swelling under the left pinna and a 3 -month history of voice change. Laryngeal endoscopy revealed circumferential oedema around the arytenoid cartilages and hypersecretion of saliva. Histopathological examination of the mass around the left ear canal was considered the primary lesion that originated from cutaneous apocrine adenocarcinoma or parotid gland adenocarcinoma, and it metastasized to the larynx, lung and medial retropharyngeal lymph nodes.

Changes in the interictal and early postictal diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance parameters in familial spontaneous epileptic cats.

Objective: The familial spontaneous epileptic cat (FSEC) is thought to be a good genetic model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. In the current study, cerebral diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were used to confirm the functional deficit zone in the FSEC and evaluate the effect of a single seizure on different brain regions.

Methods: Six FSECs and six healthy control cats were used in this study.

Comparisons among MRI signs, apparent diffusion coefficient, and fractional anisotropy in dogs with a solitary intracranial meningioma or histiocytic sarcoma.

Although MRI has become widely used in small animal practice, little is known about the validity of advanced MRI techniques such as diffusion-weighted imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. The aim of this retrospective analytical observational study was to investigate the characteristics of diffusion parameters, that is the apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy, in dogs with a solitary intracranial meningioma or histiocytic sarcoma. Dogs were included based on the performance of diffusion MRI and histological confirmation.

Interictal diffusion and perfusion magnetic resonance imaging features of cats with familial spontaneous epilepsy.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion and perfusion MRI of the cerebrum in cats with familial spontaneous epilepsy (FSECs) and identify microstructural and functional deficit zones in affected cats. ANIMALS 19 FSECs and 12 healthy cats. PROCEDURES Diffusion-weighted, diffusion tensor, and perfusion-weighted MRI of the cerebrum were performed during interictal periods in FSECs.

Retrospective epidemiological study of canine epilepsy in Japan using the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force classification 2015 (2003-2013): etiological distribution, risk factors, survival time, and lifespan.

Background: Epilepsy is the most common neurological disease in veterinary practice. However, contrary to human medicine, epilepsy classification in veterinary medicine had not been clearly defined until recently. A number of reports on canine epilepsy have been published, reflecting in part updated proposals from the human epilepsy organization, the International League Against Epilepsy.

A canine case with cystic meningioma showing miraculous reduction of the cystic lesion.

A 12-year-old spayed female Labrador retriever was presented with forebrain signs. Brain MRI revealed a huge cystic lesion with the thickened falx in the frontal region. The brain parenchyma surrounding the lesion showed significant signs of a mass effect and also increased intracranial pressure.

Evaluation of outcomes and radiation complications in 65 cats with nasal tumours treated with palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy.

Feline nasal tumours (NTs) are locally invasive and occasionally metastasise to distant sites. Although palliative hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) is used, its efficacy and long-term complications have not been adequately evaluated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of HRT in treating feline malignant NTs, including monitoring improvement in clinical signs, acute and late complications, and prognosis.

Magnetic resonance volumetry of the hippocampus in familial spontaneous epileptic cats.

A strain of familial spontaneous epileptic cats (FSECs) with typical limbic seizures was identified in 2010. The electroencephalographic features suggested that an epileptogenic zone is present in the mesial temporal structures (i.e.

Electroencephalographic features of familial spontaneous epileptic cats.

A feline strain of familial spontaneous epileptic cats (FSECs) with typical limbic seizures was identified in 2010, and have been maintained as a novel animal model of genetic epilepsy. In this study, we characterized the electroencephalographic (EEG) features of FSECs. On scalp EEG under sedation, FSECs showed sporadic, but comparatively frequent interictal discharges dominantly in the uni- or bilateral temporal region.

Magnetic resonance findings of the corpus callosum in canine and feline lysosomal storage diseases.

Several reports have described magnetic resonance (MR) findings in canine and feline lysosomal storage diseases such as gangliosidoses and neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis. Although most of those studies described the signal intensities of white matter in the cerebrum, findings of the corpus callosum were not described in detail. A retrospective study was conducted on MR findings of the corpus callosum as well as the rostral commissure and the fornix in 18 cases of canine and feline lysosomal storage diseases.

Feline anaplastic oligodendroglioma: long-term remission through radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

A 10-year-old spayed female Abyssinian cat was presented with cluster limbic focal seizures with secondary generalisation. From magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, the cat was diagnosed clinically as having a glioma in the left piriform lobe, and hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) was performed using a linear accelerator. Although the tumour size had reduced significantly at 4 months after RT, recurrence was observed at 11 months after RT.

Long-term survival in a dog with anaplastic oligodendroglioma treated with radiation therapy and CCNU.

A 9 year-old, neutered, male French Bulldog showing cluster seizures was diagnosed with a glioma in the right piriform cortex by MRI. Hypofractionated radiation therapy (RT) was performed using a linear accelerator. Although the lesion had involuted significantly at 2 months after RT, recurrence was observed at 4 months after RT.

Serial MRI features of canine GM1 gangliosidosis: a possible imaging biomarker for diagnosis and progression of the disease.

GM1 gangliosidosis is a fatal neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disease caused by an autosomal recessively inherited deficiency of β-galactosidase activity. Effective therapies need to be developed to treat the disease. In Shiba Inu dogs, one of the canine GM1 gangliosidosis models, neurological signs of the disease, including ataxia, start at approximately 5 months of age and progress until the terminal stage at 12 to 15 months of age.

Clinical magnetic resonance volumetry of the hippocampus in 58 epileptic dogs.

Hippocampal atrophy, which is a component of hippocampal sclerosis and recognized commonly in human intractable epilepsy, is controversial in canine epilepsy. We examined the hippocampal volume in 58 epileptic dogs and 35 control dogs using magnetic resonance (MR) images, and calculated the relative hippocampal volume asymmetry of the right and left hippocampus. Subjectively, there were visible MR imaging abnormalities in seven of the 58 epileptic dogs (12%).