Perilymphatic enhancement and endolymphatic hydrops: MRI findings and clinical associations.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to summarize magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of perilymphatic enhancement (PE) and endolymphatic hydrops (EH) of the inner ear, which are associated with vestibular and cochlear symptoms.

Methods: We analyzed data on ears with definite Meniere's disease (MD), sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), vertigo, and listening difficulties (LiD) from 508 ears of 254 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced 3-Tesla MRI between April 2021 and March 2023. We evaluated the degree of endolymphatic hydrops (EH), signal intensity ratios (SIRs) between the basal turns of the cochlea and cerebellum, and hearing levels for all ears.

Factors influencing auditory brainstem response changes in infants.

Background: To elucidate the factors influencing auditory brainstem response (ABR) threshold improvement in infants.

Methods: This retrospective study included 626 infants who underwent ABR at the our Health and Medical Center between 2016 and 2020. Preliminary assessment indicated that 352 infants had an ABR threshold ≥40 dBnHL in both ears.

Efficacy of 100 hz sound stimulation on saccular dysfunction in meniere's disease.

Background: Although various medical remedies have been attempted to alleviate the symptoms of Meniere's disease (MD), the risk-benefit ratios of these various treatments remain debatable.

Objective: We investigated the efficacy of sound stimulation of 100 Hz for treating vestibular dysfunction in patients with Meniere's disease (MD).

Materials And Methods: Patients with definitive MD with intractable vestibular symptoms and endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear were evaluated.

Development of a plant-based surgical training model for fluorescence-guided cancer surgery.

Background: Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) can help surgeons to discriminate tumor tissue from adjacent normal tissues using fluorescent tracers.

Methods: We developed a surgical training model, manufactured using sustainable vegetable organic material with indocyanine green (ICG)-containing "tumor." Surgeons evaluated the model with both the closed-field and endoscopic fluorescence imaging devices and assessed its efficacy to identify residual tumor after enucleation using electrocautery.

Combined use of tyrosine kinase inhibitors with PD-(L)1 blockade increased the risk of thyroid dysfunction in PD-(L)1 blockade: a prospective study.

Background: Anti-programmed cell death-1 (ligand-1) antibody [PD-(L)1-Ab] can cause destructive thyroiditis and/or hypothyroidism. In addition, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) frequently induce hypothyroidism. The aim of this prospective study is to examine the incidence and clinical characteristics of thyroid dysfunction induced by combination therapy of a PD-(L)1-Ab and TKI [PD-(L)1-Ab/TKI].

Lifestyle habits and examination findings before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: From health checkups in a rural area in Japan.

Few health checkup studies have reported lifestyle habits and examination results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. We compared lifestyle habits and examination results surveyed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Five hundred and ten and 396 participants attended the health checkup in 2019 and 2022, respectively.

Imaging evaluation and volumetric measurement of the space surrounding the diploic veins.

Purpose: The diploic veins have been suggested to be involved in the excretion of cerebrospinal fluid and intracranial waste products; however, to date, there have been no reports evaluating the space surrounding the diploic veins. Therefore, we aimed to visualize the distribution of gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) in the space surrounding the diploic veins and to evaluate the spatial characteristics.

Materials And Methods: Ninety-eight participants (aged 14-84 years) were scanned 4 h after intravenous GBCA injection at Nagoya University Hospital between April 2021 and December 2022.

Anxiety, depression and quality of life in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing laryngectomy: A long-term prospective evaluation.

Background: This study aimed to assess anxiety, depression and quality of life (QoL) in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing laryngectomy using comprehensive self-reported questionnaires for a period of up to 5 years.

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled 150 consecutive patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer who underwent laryngectomy at Nagoya University Hospital between 2007 and 2020. Anxiety, depression and QoL were assessed at baseline (preoperative) and at 3, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months after surgery using two brief self-reported questionnaires, such as the eight-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-8) and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).

Direct Visualization of Tracer Permeation into the Endolymph in Human Patients Using MR Imaging.

Purpose: The endolymph of the inner ear, vital for balance and hearing, has long been considered impermeable to intravenously administered gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) due to the tight blood-endolymph barrier. However, anecdotal observations suggested potential GBCA entry in delayed heavily T2-weighted 3D-real inversion recovery (IR) MRI scans. This study systematically investigated GBCA distribution in the endolymph using this 3D-real IR sequence.

Clinical significance of posterior expansion of the utricular endolymphatic space.

Background: Posterior expansion of the utricular endolymphatic space (ES) is a finding occasionally observed, and often occurs in bilateral ears. The clinical significance of posterior expansion of the utricular ES is not clear.

Objectives: To investigate the clinical significance of posterior expansion of the utricular ES detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Efficacy of endoscopic cricopharyngeal myotomy using a curved rigid laryngoscope in patients with sporadic inclusion body myositis: four retrospective case reviews.

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) is an acquired degenerative inflammatory myopathy that leads to slowly progressive muscle weakness and atrophy of the limbs, face, and pharynx. Owing to the slow progression of the disease, the indications for surgical intervention remain unclear. Herein, we retrospectively reviewed the records of four patients with s-IBM who had undergone cricopharyngeal myotomy for severe dysphagia at our institution between 2016 and 2021.

Comparative Analysis of Cartilage Conduction Hearing Aid Users and Non-Users: An Investigative Study.

Clinical findings on cartilage conduction hearing aids (CCHAs) have gradually become clear; however, few reports include a large number of cases. This study included 91 ears from 69 patients who underwent CCHA fitting in our hospital. Their ears were divided into six groups (i.

Significance of an augmented response on cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential testing in Meniere's disease.

The potential mechanism of augmented response on cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potential (cVEMP) testing and its decrease following treatment in a patient with Meniere's disease (MD) are discussed. Changes of static posturography and cVEMP testing before and after a glycerol drip in a 69-year-old man with unilateral MD, in which significant endolymphatic hydrops (EH) was confirmed on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on the diseased side, were evaluated. Values of total locus lengths, areas of postural sway, and their Romberg ratios were decreased after the glycerol drip.

Abdominal pain accompanied by elevated serum inflammatory markers and biliary enzymes for diagnosing immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced sclerosing cholangitis.

Immune-related sclerosing cholangitis (irSC) is relatively rare and its clinical characteristics are not well known. In this study, we aimed to summarize the clinical features of irSC. Clinical data were collected retrospectively from 1,393 patients with advanced malignancy treated with immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) between August 2014 and October 2021.

Pathophysiological analysis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss by magnetic resonance imaging: A mini scoping review.

Objective: To summarize the pathophysiological analysis of idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), focusing on the findings of high signal or endolymphatic hydrops (EH) in the inner ear.

Methods: We summarize the published studies of our research group regarding the pathophysiological analysis of ISSNHL on MRI and review related clinical articles that have reported significantly high signal or the existence of EH in ears with ISSNHL.

Results: Pre-contrast high signal on MRI may indicate minor hemorrhage or increased permeability of surrounding vessels to the perilymph, whereas post-contrast high signal indicates breakdown of the blood-labyrinth barrier, in which irreversible changes would lead to poor prognosis.

Relationship between tinnitus and olfactory dysfunction: audiovisual, olfactory, and medical examinations.

Introduction: Sensory dysfunctions and cognitive impairments are related to each other. Although a relationship between tinnitus and subjective olfactory dysfunction has been reported, there have been no reports investigating the relationship between tinnitus and olfactory test results.

Methods: To investigate the relationship between tinnitus and olfactory test results, we conducted sensory tests, including hearing and visual examinations.

A case of Erdheim-Chester disease with the V600E mutation diagnosed via endoscopic sinus surgery.

Erdheim-Chester disease is characterized by the infiltration of foamy histiocytes in tissues. Lesional tissue biopsy is recommended to confirm diagnosis and establish the mutational status. A 52-year-old man presented to our hospital with hydronephrosis.