A homozygous variant in growth and differentiation factor 2 (GDF2) may cause lymphatic dysplasia with hydrothorax and nonimmune hydrops fetalis.

The etiology of nonimmune hydrops fetalis is extensive and includes genetic disorders. We describe a term-born female neonate with late onset extensive nonimmune hydrops, that is, polyhydramnios, edema, and congenital bilateral chylothorax. This newborn was successfully treated with repetitive thoracocentesis, total parenteral feeding, octreotide intravenously and finally surgical pleurodesis and corticosteroids.

Imaging infective endocarditis: Adherence to a diagnostic flowchart and direct comparison of imaging techniques.

Background: Multimodality imaging is recommended to diagnose infective endocarditis. Value of additional imaging to echocardiography in patients selected by a previously proposed flowchart has not been evaluated.

Methods: An observational single-center study was performed.