Health action process approach in oral health behaviour: Target interventions, constructs and groups-A systematic review.

Objective: The aim of this study was to systematically map the Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)-based interventions in dentistry in relation to the type of intervention, the target groups and the constructs of the HAPA model that are used in the study and to assess the clinical relevance of the studies.

Methods: A search in the databases of the National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE-PubMed), PsychINFO and Cochrane-CENTRAL was conducted. A quality assessment to estimate the risk of bias and a qualitative descriptive analysis were performed.

A model framework for projecting the prevalence and impact of Long-COVID in the UK.

The objective of this paper is to model lost Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) from symptoms arising from COVID-19 disease in the UK population, including symptoms of 'long-COVID'. The scope includes QALYs lost to symptoms, but not deaths, due to acute COVID-19 and long-COVID. The prevalence of symptomatic COVID-19, encompassing acute symptoms and long-COVID symptoms, was modelled using a decay function.

Construction of a demand and capacity model for intensive care and hospital ward beds, and mortality from COVID-19.

Background: This paper describes a model for estimating COVID-19 related excess deaths that are a direct consequence of insufficient hospital ward bed and intensive care unit (ICU) capacity.

Methods: Compartmental models were used to estimate deaths under different combinations of ICU and ward care required and received in England up to late April 2021. Model parameters were sourced from publicly available government information and organisations collating COVID-19 data.

Implementation of the harmonized EU isotretinoin Pregnancy Prevention Programme: a questionnaire survey among European regulatory agencies.

Background: There is little information on the status of the implementation of the isotretinoin Pregnancy Prevention Programme (PPP) in the EU, and on compliance with this programme by the regulatory agencies.

Objective: The aim of the study was to obtain information on implementation of the harmonized PPP of isotretinoin in the EU member states plus Norway and Iceland.

Materials And Methods: In January 2009, a questionnaire (request for non-urgent information [NUI]) was sent to all 25 EU member states, plus Norway and Iceland, to collect information on the implementation status of the PPP and its effectiveness.

Modelling the costs and effects of selective and universal hospital admission screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

Background: Screening at hospital admission for carriage of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been proposed as a strategy to reduce nosocomial infections. The objective of this study was to determine the long-term costs and health benefits of selective and universal screening for MRSA at hospital admission, using both PCR-based and chromogenic media-based tests in various settings.

Methodology/principal Findings: A simulation model of MRSA transmission was used to determine costs and effects over 15 years from a US healthcare perspective.

Costs and consequences of additional chest x-ray in a tuberculosis prevention program in Botswana.

Rationale: Isoniazid preventive therapy is effective in reducing the risk of tuberculosis (TB) in persons living with HIV (PLWH); however, screening must exclude TB disease before initiating therapy. Symptom screening alone may be insufficient to exclude TB disease in PLWH because some PLWH with TB disease have no symptoms. The addition of chest radiography (CXR) may improve disease detection.