Integrated surveillance for Oropouche Virus: Molecular evidence of potential urban vectors during an outbreak in the Brazilian Amazon.

The Oropouche Virus (OROV) has Culicoides paraensis as its main vector in the urban cycle. Diagnoses of acute febrile cases and entomological collections were performed between January and April 2024 in the urban setting of Porto Velho, a city located in the western Brazilian Amazon. A total of 904 human samples were evaluated using RT-qPCR, of which 328 were positive for OROV.

Diversity, vertical stratification and detection of Leishmania DNA in sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) collected in the Mapinguari National Park, Brazilian Amazon.

This study aimed to assess the diversity patterns of sand fly fauna across different strata and detect Leishmania DNA in these insects in the Mapinguari National Park in Rondônia and Amazonas states, Northern Brazil. Sand flies were collected with "HP" light traps in the canopy (15 m) and at ground level (1 m) on two trails, during August and November 2021 and March and August 2022. Polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing were used to identify Leishmania species.

You are what you eat: a systematic review exploring the interaction between Brazilian sand flies and their vertebrate food sources.

Sand flies play a crucial role as vectors of bacteria, viruses, and protists, with Leishmania being the most notable among them, transmitted to vertebrate hosts during blood feeding. Understanding the feeding behaviours of sand flies is imperative for gaining insights into their eco-epidemiological roles in the transmission of these infectious agents. This systematic review aimed to answer the question 'What are the blood-feeding sources identified in Brazilian sand flies?' to provide an analysis of their blood-feeding habits.

Entomological inferences highlight the risk of Leishmania transmission in the urban area of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.

Entomological investigations were conducted for the first time in urban forest remnants of Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil, to explore the transmission dynamics of Leishmania. Sand fly collections were carried out at ten sites, encompassing both canopy and ground strata, from October to December 2021. A total of 1,671 sand flies were collected, representing 42 species within 12 genera.

Use of light emitting diodes (LEDs) are effective and useful for sand fly ecoepidemiology studies in an Amazonian environment.

One strategy to identify transmission foci is based on vector monitoring, and efficient methods are important for vector control. Our study evaluated different light sources (red, green, ultraviolet, blue, and incandescent light) to capture sand fly in Porto Velho, Brazil. We also evaluated Leishmania and blood meal sources in females.

Detection of Leishmania species (Kinetoplastida, Trypanosomatidae) in phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera, Psychodidae) from Porto Velho, Northern Brazil.

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL) is a vector-borne disease caused by Leishmania species and transmitted by infected female sand flies. CL is widely distributed in Brazil, but knowledge about vectors and transmission cycles could be complex according to localities. The sand fly fauna in Rondônia State is extensive, diverse, and largely unexplored.

Vertical stratification of sand fly diversity in relation to natural infections of Leishmania sp. and blood-meal sources in Jamari National Forest, Rondônia State, Brazil.

Background: Almost 1000 cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis have been registered yearly in Rondônia State, Brazil. Little is known about the Leishmania transmission cycle (vectors and reservoirs) in the state. This study aimed to evaluate sand fly fauna from two vertical stratification layers in order to identify potential vectors and their blood-meal sources.

Diversity, natural infection and blood meal sources of phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera, Psychodidae) in the western Brazilian Amazon.

Background: The state of Rondônia (RO) is a hot spot for human cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Many sandfly species in RO are putative vectors of leishmaniasis.

Objectives: This study examines the diversity patterns and the presence of Leishmania DNA and blood meal sources of sandflies in RO.