Becoming Active Bystanders and Advocates: Teaching Medical Students to Respond to Bias in the Clinical Setting.

Introduction: Incidents of bias and microaggressions are prevalent in the clinical setting and are disproportionately experienced by racial minorities, women, and medical students. These incidents contribute to burnout. Published efforts to address these incidents are growing, but gaps remain regarding the long-term efficacy of these curricular models.

Exploring Careers in Medicine: Implementation and Perceived Value of a Multi-Specialty Elective.

Introduction: Choosing a medical specialty is one of the most crucial and difficult decisions made during medical school. Given that specialty exposure is among the most important factors in decision-making, the Careers in Medicine (CiM) multi-specialty elective was designed to provide clerkship students an avenue to explore three or more specialties of interest during a single elective.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Vanderbilt University School of Medicine using anonymous surveys and de-identified written reflections submitted by students enrolled in the CiM course between August 2015 and June 2018.

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels and Mortality in Patients With and Without Heart Failure.

Background: Circulating B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) concentrations strongly predict mortality in patients with heart failure (HF). Both cardiac and extracardiac stimuli influence BNP levels, suggesting that BNP might have similar prognostic value in patients without HF.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the prognostic value of BNP between patients with and those without HF.

The allelic spectrum of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease in over 17,000 individuals with neuropathy.

We report the frequency, positive rate, and type of mutations in 14 genes (PMP22, GJB1, MPZ, MFN2, SH3TC2, GDAP1, NEFL, LITAF, GARS, HSPB1, FIG4, EGR2, PRX, and RAB7A) associated with Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) in a cohort of 17,880 individuals referred to a commercial genetic testing laboratory. Deidentified results from sequencing assays and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) were analyzed including 100,102 Sanger sequencing, 2338 next-generation sequencing (NGS), and 21,990 MLPA assays. Genetic abnormalities were identified in 18.

Effect of subthalamic nucleus or globus pallidus interna stimulation on oculomotor function in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of either the globus pallidus interna (GPi) or subthalamic nucleus (STN) is similarly effective for treating somatomotor manifestations of Parkinson's disease (PD), but differences in how stimulation of each target affects oculomotor function are poorly understood.

Objective: We sought to determine if stimulation of the STN, but not the GPi, affects oculomotor function in PD patients.

Methods: Nineteen PD patients with DBS implants (8 bilateral GPi, 9 bilateral STN and 2 unilateral STN) were studied.