Publications by authors named "Michelle Stockton"
Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a 60-day low-calorie nutrition-rich diet plan compared to usual care on weight loss, physiological factors, markers of metabolic health, and perceived wellness.
Methods: Overweight or obese adults (N = 60) were randomly assigned to either the active nutrition group (n = 30) or the usual care group (n = 30). The active nutrition plan consisted of two meal replacement shakes, an electrolyte replacement drink, a metabolic support supplement, one whole food meal, and three to five servings of whole food snacks (e.
Background: Maintaining adequate hydration is critical to optimal health, well-being, and performance. Those who are physically active in stressful environments, such as warm and/or humid scenarios, may be at particular risk for dehydration with ensuing loss of electrolytes, leading to sluggishness and impaired physical performance.
Methods: We evaluated an electrolyte and amino acid product containing L-alanine and L-glutamine, as well as select vitamins [B3 (niacin), B5 (pantothenic acid), B6 (pyridoxine), B12 (cobalamin), and vitamin C (ascorbic acid)].
Background: Concern about weight gain is a barrier to smoking-cessation, but determinants of postcessation weight-concern have not been comprehensively assessed in the context of community-based cessation programs.
Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from a cessation trial of 392 adults randomized to physical activity (PA) or general wellness counseling as adjunctive treatment for smoking. Outcomes were 1) smoking behaviors to control weight and 2) anticipating relapse due to weight gain.
Background And Aim: Joint pain afflicts millions of adults worldwide. The effect of a bone morphogenetic protein complex on joint pain is assessed in this study.
Methods: We compared the impact of a dietary supplement protein complex (Cyplexinol) and placebo in 18 men and women (aged 43 ± 10 years) with self-reported joint pain.
Objective: The efficacy of individualized, community-based physical activity as an adjunctive smoking cessation treatment to enhance long-term smoking cessation rates was evaluated for the Lifestyle Enhancement Program (LEAP).
Methods: The study was a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial. All participants ( = 392) received cessation counseling and a nicotine patch and were randomized to physical activity ( = 199; YMCA membership and personalized exercise programming from a health coach) or an equal contact frequency wellness curriculum ( = 193).
Natural disasters increase nicotine dependence and cigarette consumption, but the exact mechanisms and conditions responsible for this increase are relatively unclear. This study explored whether posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms were pathways to increased nicotine dependence and cigarette consumption after disaster exposure using a representative sample of current smokers who were living in New Orleans at the time Hurricane Katrina struck (n = 175), and a comparison sample of smokers from Memphis (n = 222) who were not directly impacted by Hurricane Katrina. We assessed whether nicotine dependence and daily cigarette consumption differed by city and evaluated potential mediators and moderators of this association using conditional process analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Smoking relapse is rarely examined in disaster research. Thus, this study investigated smoking relapse nine and eighteen months after Hurricane Katrina and identified pathways and conditions for this outcome.
Methods: The data came from a prospective study of adult ever smokers who were living in New Orleans at the time Hurricane Katrina struck (n = 1003), and a comparison sample of Memphis residents (n = 1001) who were not directly impacted by the hurricane.
Despite advances in behavioral and pharmacological treatment for tobacco use and dependence, quit rates remain suboptimal. Increasing physical activity has shown some promise as a strategy for improving cessation outcomes. However, initial efficacy studies focused on intensive, highly structured exercise programs that may not be applicable to the general population of smokers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study investigated whether racial disparities in depression were present after Hurricane Katrina.
Method: Data were gathered from 932 New Orleans residents who were present when Hurricane Katrina struck, and who returned to New Orleans the following year. Multiple logistic regression models evaluated racial differences in screening positive for depression (a score ≥16 on the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale), and explored whether differential vulnerability (prehurricane physical and mental health functioning and education level), differential exposure to hurricane-related stressors, and loss of social support moderated and/or reduced the association of race with depression.
Although blacks are more likely than whites to experience posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a natural disaster, the reasons for this disparity are unclear. This study explores whether race is associated with PTSD after adjusting for differences in preexisting vulnerabilities, exposure to stressors, and loss of social support due to Hurricane Katrina using a representative sample of 279 black and white adult current and past smokers who were present when Hurricane Katrina struck, and identified it as the most traumatic event in their lifetime. Multiple logistic regression models evaluated whether differential vulnerability (pre-hurricane physical and mental health functioning, and education level), differential exposure to hurricane-related stressors, and loss of social support deterioration reduced the association of race with PTSD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of the current study is to describe the development, implementation, and success of recruitment and adherence strategies of 303 African American preadolescent girls and their primary caregiver in the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Studies (GEMS) program.
Methods: A socio-ecologic model was used to guide selection and implementation of recruitment and retention strategies which were continuously monitored and revised in response. Strategy mode and frequency associated with program enrollment, engagement, and retention were analyzed.
Objective: To examine family context in relation to body image, weight concerns, and weight control behaviors in preadolescent African American girls.
Methods: Cross-sectional baseline data were analyzed from 303 African American girls 8 to 10 years old and a caregiver in the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Studies Phase 2(GEMS), an obesity prevention intervention trial.
Results: Fruit, juice, and vegetable accessibility and family support for healthy eating and physical activity were significantly related to girls' body image and weight control behaviors.
Objective: To determine the efficacy of a 2-year obesity prevention program in African American girls.
Design: Memphis GEMS (Girls' health Enrichment Multi-site Studies) was a controlled trial in which girls were randomly assigned to an obesity prevention program or alternative intervention.
Setting: Local community centers and YWCAs (Young Women's Christian Associations) in Memphis, Tennessee.
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate body composition outcomes of foot-to-foot (FF) bioelectrical impedance (BIA) and dual-energy x-ray (DEXA) in 8 to 10-year-old African-American girls and, if different, to develop and cross-validate specific BIA prediction equations for this at-risk group.
Methods: DEXA and FF-BIA body composition outcomes were analyzed in 183, 8-10-year-old African-American girls from the Memphis site of the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Study (GEMS).
Results: Mean body composition outcomes by FF-BIA and DEXA were significantly different (p<0.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among body mass index (BMI), self-perceptions, and body image discrepancy in African American (AA) girls.
Methods: Baseline self-perception and BMI data were collected by trained staff from 303 preadolescent AA girls participating in the girls health enrichment multi-site studies. Correlations and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify relationships of BMI with self-perception factors.
Objective: To determine the frequency and characteristics of energy intake underreporting in African-American preadolescent girls as part of the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Studies (GEMS).
Methods And Procedures: Energy intake was summarized using the Nutrition Data System for Research software and computed as a 3-day average of 24-h dietary recalls. Physical activity was assessed by an accelerometer, basal metabolic rate (BMR) was estimated using the World Health Organization's prediction equation, and underreporting of caloric intake was based on the Goldberg equation.
Background: Psychosocial stress maintains cigarette use and precipitates relapse, but little is known about how natural disasters in particular affect smoking.
Purpose: To determine the feasibility of recruiting victims soon after a natural disaster for a survey study, and to assess the types and determinants of changes in smoking behavior resulting from exposure to the disaster.
Methods: A convenience sample of 35 Hurricane Katrina refugees who had smoked more than 100 cigarettes in their lifetime were surveyed one month after the storm to evaluate changes in smoking behavior.
Obesity prevalence is increasing in the U.S., especially among children and minority populations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis correlational study examined the adherence rates of transdermal nicotine (TN) use among a population of males and females 18 years of age and older (N = 619) who received varying levels of behavioral intervention. Rates of patch adherence were assessed for demographic (e.g.
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