Acute Effects of Coffee Consumption on Blood Pressure and Endothelial Function in Individuals with Hypertension on Antihypertensive Drug Treatment: A Randomized Crossover Trial.

Introduction: Coffee is a complex brew that contains several bioactive compounds and some of them can influence blood pressure (BP) and endothelial function (EF), such as caffeine and chlorogenic acids (CGAs).

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the acute effects of coffee on BP and EF in individuals with hypertension on drug treatment who were habitual coffee consumers.

Methods: This randomized crossover trial assigned 16 adults with hypertension to receive three test beverages one week apart: caffeinated coffee (CC; 135 mg caffeine, 61 mg CGAs), decaffeinated coffee (DC; 5 mg caffeine, 68 mg CGAs), and water.

Heart rate variability and perception of mental stress among medical students and residents at an emergency department.

Background: When Medical Residents (MR) and Medical Students (MS) are assigned to the demanding environment of an Emergency they inevitably encounter stress. The aims of this study are to measure short-term heart rate variability (HRV) before and after shifts, estimate perceived stress levels, and assess the recovery patterns after their shifts.

Methods: We assessed HRV parameters in MS and MR using the wristband physiological monitor Polar® Verify Sense before and after day (DS) and night shifts (NS).

Acute Effects of Dietary Nitrate on Central Pressure and Endothelial Function in Hypertensive Patients: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Crossover Study.

Background: The diet's inorganic nitrate (NO3-) may provide a physiological substrate for reducing nitrate (NO2-) to NO independent of the endothelium. Studies suggest that inorganic NO3- has beneficial effects on cardiovascular health.

Objective: This study evaluated the acute effects of 500 mL nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BRJ; containing 11.

Early Vascular Aging in Obese Individuals with Low Cardiovascular Health.

Introduction: The American Heart Association updated the original recommendations for cardiovascular health (CVH) promotion, defining the Life's Essential 8 (L8).

Aim: the aim of this cross-sectional study was to compare vascular function, central hemodynamics and autonomic modulation in obese individuals with low and moderate CVH-L8.

Methods: Both sexes, aged 40-70 years and Body Mass Index ≥ 30 and < 40 kg/m, were submitted to anthropometric and biochemical evaluation, assessment of heart rate variability, endothelial function by flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and central parameters by oscillometry.

Microvascular Reactivity in Hypertensive Patients with High Body Adiposity.

Background: Several anthropometric indexes have been proposed to determine the association between overweight and cardiovascular risk factors.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between body adiposity and microvascular reactivity in hypertensive patients under antihypertensive therapy.

Methods: Treated hypertensive patients aged 40 to 70 were submitted to evaluation of anthropometric indexes: conicity (CI), body adiposity (BAI), visceral adiposity (VAI) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR).

Effects of Oral Magnesium Supplementation on Vascular Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Introduction: The effects of magnesium (Mg) supplementation on vascular function have been evaluated in some randomized controlled trials (RCT) but their results are conflicting.

Aim: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to summarize the effects of oral Mg supplementation on vascular function in RCT.

Methods: The databases MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were accessed from inception to May 27, 2019.

The Role of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System and Its New Components in Arterial Stiffness and Vascular Aging.

Many cardiovascular diseases present renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hyperactivity as an important pathophysiological mechanism to be target in the therapeutic approaches. Moreover, arterial stiffness is currently considered as a new independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in different clinical conditions, including hypertension and chronic kidney disease. In fact, excessive stimulation of angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors, as well as mineralocorticoid receptors, results in cellular growth, oxidative stress and vascular inflammation, which may lead to arterial stiffness and accelerate the process of vascular aging.

Maternal obesity during the preconception and early life periods alters pancreatic development in early and adult life in male mouse offspring.

Maternal obesity induced by a high fat (HF) diet may program susceptibility in offspring, altering pancreatic development and causing later development of chronic degenerative diseases, such as obesity and diabetes. Female mice were fed standard chow (SC) or an HF diet for 8 weeks prior to mating and during the gestational and lactational periods. The male offspring were assessed at birth, at 10 days, and at 3 months of age.