Creating consistency in the diagnosis of convergence insufficiency: screening methods.

Purpose: To determine the sensitivity of various clinical tests in the diagnosis of convergence insufficiency.

Methods: A total of 254 patients were recruited with complaints consistent with convergence problems but no prior history of strabismus surgery, eye exercises, prism use, recent concussion, or other ocular or neurological diseases. Each patient completed the convergence insufficiency symptom survey (CISS), and the following data were collected: ocular alignment at distance and near, convergence and divergence fusional amplitudes at distance and near, near-point of convergence (NPC) using an accommodative target and red lens, and assessment of quality of convergence movement (QoCM) and quality of fusional movements (QoFM).

Association of Fitzpatrick Skin Type with metastatic risk from uveal melanoma in 854 consecutive patients at a single center.

Objective: To assess the association of skin color using Fitzpatrick Skin Type (FST) with metastatic risk of uveal melanoma.

Subjects: 854 consecutive patients with uveal melanoma and documented FST.

Methods: Retrospective detailed review of patient charts was performed for FST (type I- white, II-fair, III-average, IV-light brown, V-brown, VI-black), clinical details of the patient and the uveal melanoma, tumor cytogenetic classification according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), and outcome of melanoma-related metastasis and death.