Late-onset cystoid macular edema as a presenting symptom of anca-negative pauciimmune crescentic glomerulonephritis.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the appearance of late-onset cystoid macular edema (CME) as an initial manifestation of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-negative pauciimmune glomerulonephritis.

Methods: Optical coherence tomography was obtained on a female patient after presentation of CME after cataract surgery in the right eye. Follow-up optical coherence tomographies were obtained after resolution of symptoms and on development and resolution of CME in the fellow eye.

Cell-autonomous inactivation of the reelin pathway impairs adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus.

Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is thought to be essential for learning and memory, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several disorders. Although recent studies have identified key factors regulating neuroprogenitor proliferation in the adult hippocampus, the mechanisms that control the migration and integration of adult-born neurons into circuits are largely unknown. Reelin is an extracellular matrix protein that is vital for neuronal development.

The developmental stage of dentate granule cells dictates their contribution to seizure-induced plasticity.

Dentate granule cell (DGC) neurogenesis persists throughout life in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. In rodent temporal lobe epilepsy models, status epilepticus (SE) stimulates neurogenesis, but many newborn DGCs integrate aberrantly and are hyperexcitable, whereas others may integrate normally and restore inhibition. The overall influence of altered neurogenesis on epileptogenesis is therefore unclear.

Behavioral effects of toluene in rats selectively bred for infantile vocalization rate.

Glue sniffing is epidemic among children living in poverty in Latin America. Previous research has shown that abused inhalants such as toluene share pharmacological properties with anxiolytic drugs, and that personality factors such as degree of anxiety have been proposed to modulate the effects of these drugs. To study this interaction in an animal model, rats selectively bred for high (High) or low (Low) rates of distress calls after maternal separation (ultrasonic vocalizations, USVs) were used to investigate toluene's acute and long-term effects on two measures of anxiety behavior.