Publications by authors named "Michelle Ladonne"

Introduction: Medicare patients in the United States may face high out-of-pocket (OOP) costs for specialty inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) medications.

Methods: We conducted a study of Medicare OOP costs for specialty IBD medications between 2020 and 2022 and compared them to incomes of typical Medicare beneficiaries.

Results: In 2022, median OOP costs ranged from 6.

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