Once-weekly insulin efsitora alfa versus once-daily insulin degludec in adults with type 1 diabetes (QWINT-5): a phase 3 randomised non-inferiority trial.

Background: Insulin efsitora alfa (efsitora) is a once-weekly basal insulin. This phase 3 study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of efsitora compared with insulin degludec (degludec) in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: This randomised, 52-week, parallel-design, open-label, treat-to-target non-inferiority study conducted at 82 global health-care centres, randomly assigned (1:1) adults (ie, those aged ≥18 years) with type 1 diabetes glycated haemoglobin A (HbA) 7·0-10·0% (53·0-85·8 mmol/mol) to efsitora (n=343) or, degludec (n=349), both in combination with insulin lispro.

Predictors of insulin pump initiation among people with type 2 diabetes from a US claims database using machine learning.

Objective: Insulin pump use is increasing among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D), albeit at a slower rate compared to people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Factors associated with insulin pump initiation among people with T2D in the real-world are understudied.

Methods: This retrospective, nested case-control study aimed to identify predictors of insulin pump initiation among people with T2D in the United States (US).

Adolescent and Parent Perceptions of Long-Term Type 1 Diabetes Complications.

Aims: Conversations about diabetes complications with adolescents and parents can be difficult and emotionally charged. To better inform conversations between providers and families, we sought adolescent and parent perspectives regarding their knowledge of long-term complications (LTCs), where they receive this information, and what they would like to learn from clinicians.

Methods: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes and parents of adolescents with type 1 diabetes participated in semistructured interviews querying knowledge of LTCs, sources of information, and preferred ways for providers to discuss LTCs.

Management of cardiovascular disease risk in teens with type 1 diabetes: Perspectives of teens with and without dyslipidemia and parents.

Hypertension and dyslipidemia are often suboptimally managed in teens with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Teen and parent perspectives on hypertension and dyslipidemia management need further study to enhance the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor management plans. We sought to describe barriers to and strategies for CVD risk factor management.

Baseline Psychosocial Characteristics Predict Frequency of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes.

Background: Consistent use of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has been associated with improved glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D). There are many barriers to device uptake and continued use. There is a need to understand patient-specific characteristics when considering CGM.

Management of Hypertension and High Low-Density Lipoprotein in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To evaluate hypertension and hyperlipidemia management patterns in youth with type 1 diabetes and to assess perceived effectiveness of management strategies and barriers to management.

Study Design: An electronic survey, including clinical scenarios, fielded to pediatric providers (members of the American Diabetes Association Diabetes in Youth Interest Group, Pediatric Endocrine Society, or T1D Exchange).

Results: Respondents (N = 207, 86% MDs, 68% female) were practicing clinicians for youth with type 1 diabetes.

Influence of HbA1c and BMI on Lipid Trajectories in Youths and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

Objective: To assess the influence of HbA and BMI (measured as BMI z score [zBMI]) on LDL, HDL, and non-HDL trajectories as youths with type 1 diabetes age into early adulthood.

Research Design And Methods: Dynamic, retrospective cohort study examining changes in lipid values in 572 youths with type 1 diabetes followed longitudinally for a median of 9.3 years.

Recruitment Into a Pediatric Continuous Glucose Monitoring RCT.

Background: The purpose was to identify patient/family characteristics and recruitment process characteristics associated with the decision to participate in a 2-year continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) RCT for youth with type 1 diabetes and their families.

Method: Study staff approached patients who were conditionally eligible according to medical record review or referred by a provider. We categorized families according to participation decision (agree vs decline) and timing of decision (day of approach vs later ["thinkers"]).

Effect of Metformin Added to Insulin on Glycemic Control Among Overweight/Obese Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Previous studies assessing the effect of metformin on glycemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes have produced inconclusive results.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of metformin as an adjunct to insulin in treating overweight adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Multicenter (26 pediatric endocrinology clinics), double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial involving 140 adolescents aged 12.

Youth and parent measures of self-efficacy for continuous glucose monitoring: survey psychometric properties.

Background: This study aimed to describe the development and psychometric evaluation of novel youth and parent measures of self-efficacy related to continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in pediatric patients with type 1 diabetes. This evaluation also assessed the predictive validity of the CGM Self-Efficacy (CGM-SE) surveys on CGM use and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels.

Subjects And Methods: Study participants included 120 youth with type 1 diabetes for ≥1 year enrolled in a 2-year randomized clinical trial comparing CGM use with and without the addition of a family-focused CGM behavioral intervention.

Associations of nutrient intake with glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: differences by insulin regimen.

Background: Type 1 diabetes management has evolved from meal plans towards flexible eating with carbohydrate counting. With this shift, youth with type 1 diabetes may consume excess fat and insufficient fiber, which may impact glycemic control. Few studies consider whether insulin regimen influences associations between dietary intake and hemoglobin A1c.

Family-based psychoeducation and Care Ambassador intervention to improve glycemic control in youth with type 1 diabetes: a randomized trial.

Objective: Youth with type 1 diabetes frequently do not achieve glycemic targets. We aimed to improve glycemic control with a Care Ambassador (CA) and family-focused psychoeducational intervention.

Research Design And Methods: In a 2-yr, randomized, clinical trial, we compared three groups: (i) standard care, (ii) monthly outreach by a CA, and (iii) monthly outreach by a CA plus a quarterly clinic-based psychoeducational intervention.

Impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus on the family is reduced with the medical home, care coordination, and family-centered care.

Objectives: To examine whether the medical home, care coordination, or family-centered care was associated with less impact of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) on families' work, finances, time, and school attendance.

Study Design: With the 2005 to 2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs, we compared impact in children with T1D (n = 583) with that in children with other special health care needs (n = 39 944) and children without special health care needs (n = 4945). We modeled the associations of the medical home, care coordination, and family-centered care with family impact in T1D.