Trauma History as a Significant Predictor of Posttraumatic Growth Beyond Mental Health Symptoms in Women-Identifying Survivors of Undergraduate Non-Consensual Sexual Experiences.

There is little data on what influences posttraumatic growth for women who experienced non-consensual sexual contact (NCSC) as an undergraduate college student. The purpose of this study is to garner a better understanding of posttraumatic growth among women-identifying survivors of undergraduate NCSC by addressing the following aims: 1) evaluate the mediating role of NCSC-related shame on the relationship between perceived peer rape myth acceptance and posttraumatic growth ( = 174); and 2) evaluate the shared and independent variance contributions of mental health symptoms and trauma history clusters on posttraumatic growth ( = 151).NCSC-related shame did not mediate the relationship between perceived peer rape myth acceptance and posttraumatic growth.

A precise quantification of how prior experience informs current behavior.

Human behavior does not exist in a bubble-it is influenced by countless forces, including each individual's current goals, preexisting cognitive biases, and prior experience. The current project leveraged a massive behavioral data set to provide a data-driven quantification of the relationship between prior experience and current behavior. Data from two different behavioral tasks (a categorization task and a visual search task) demonstrated that prior history had a precise, systematic, and meaningful influence on subsequent performance.

Moving Beyond the Keypress: As Technology Advances, so Should Psychology Response Time Measurements.

Decades of research in cognitive psychology have largely relied on simple key or button presses to quantify human behavior. While many valuable discoveries have been made, a richer response modality may reveal more information regarding the different processes that underlie complex human behavior. This study provides a proof of concept for using a touch-and-swipe response method to separate response time into two components to extract more meaningful behavioral insights.

Self-reported review of the value of esketamine in patients with treatment-resistant depression: Understanding the patient experience in the STRIVE Study.

Esketamine nasal spray (ESK) is indicated, in conjunction with an oral antidepressant (OAD), for the management of treatment-resistant depression (TRD) in adults. Select US-based patients from an open-label, long-term extension safety study of ESK (NCT02782104) participated in this study through semi-structured interviews. The study evaluated patient-reported early health changes related to emotional health, daily functioning, and social functioning in adults with TRD treated with ESK plus OAD.

Evaluation of strategies to train visual search performance in professional populations.

Visual search, the act of finding targets amongst distractors, is central to many professions with life-or-death implications including aviation security, radiology, lifeguarding, military, and more. As such, every effort should be taken to improve visual search performance. One potential path to improvement is to ensure that workforces are optimally trained.

Novel benzamide-based histamine h3 receptor antagonists: the identification of two candidates for clinical development.

The preclinical characterization of novel phenyl(piperazin-1-yl)methanones that are histamine H3 receptor antagonists is described. The compounds described are high affinity histamine H3 antagonists. Optimization of the physical properties of these histamine H3 antagonists led to the discovery of several promising lead compounds, and extensive preclinical profiling aided in the identification of compounds with optimal duration of action for wake promoting activity.

Translational evaluation of JNJ-18038683, a 5-hydroxytryptamine type 7 receptor antagonist, on rapid eye movement sleep and in major depressive disorder.

In rodents 5-hydroxytryptamine type 7 (5-HT(7)) receptor blockade has been shown to be effective in models of depression and to increase the latency to rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and decrease REM duration. In the clinic, the REM sleep reduction observed with many antidepressants may serve as a biomarker. We report here the preclinical and clinical evaluation of a 5-HT(7) receptor antagonist, (3-(4-chlorophenyl)-1,4,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-1-(phenylmethyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]azepine 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylate) (JNJ-18038683).

Evaluation of the effect of paliperidone extended release and quetiapine on corrected QT intervals: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

The effect of two atypical antipsychotics on QTc intervals (heart rate-corrected QT interval) was evaluated. Patients (N=109) with schizophrenia (79%) or schizoaffective disorder (21%) were randomly assigned in 2 : 2 : 1 ratio to paliperidone extended release (ER), quetiapine, or placebo. Doses of 12 and 18 mg/day of paliperidone ER were compared with quetiapine 800 mg/day.

One-year open-label safety and efficacy study of paliperidone extended-release tablets in patients with schizophrenia.

Introduction: This 52-week open-label extension (OLE) to a double-blind placebo-controlled recurrence prevention study examined the long-term safety and efficacy of flexibly-dosed paliperidone extended-release (ER) tablets in patients with schizophrenia.

Methods: Patients entering the OLE either entered from the double-blind phase (placebo or paliperidone ER treatment) or entered directly from the run-in or stabilization phase (paliperidone ER) of the earlier study. During the OLE, patients were treated with flexibly-dosed paliperidone ER (3-15 mg/day; 9 mg starting dose).

Paliperidone palmitate, a potential long-acting treatment for patients with schizophrenia. Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled efficacy and safety study.

We evaluated the efficacy and safety of the investigational long-acting injectable antipsychotic agent paliperidone palmitate (PP) in the treatment of schizophrenia. Patients were randomized to receive gluteal injections of placebo or PP (50 or 100 mg eq., fixed doses), without oral supplementation, on days 1, 8, and 36 (9-wk, double-blind phase) in this phase 2b study.

A comparison of serum prolactin concentrations after administration of paliperidone extended-release and risperidone tablets in patients with schizophrenia.

Increases in serum prolactin concentrations after administration of risperidone have been attributed, by some, to the availability of paliperidone in plasma. This double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study in patients with schizophrenia compared serum prolactin concentrations following the administration of paliperidone extended-release and risperidone immediate-release tablets. At steady state, the doses administered resulted in a similar exposure to paliperidone and the pharmacologically active fraction of risperidone (i.

Rapid, high-throughput detection of PrPSc by 96-well immunoassay.

Prion diseases are emerging infectious disorders that affect several mammalian species including humans. The transmissible agent is comprised of PrP(Sc), a misfolded isoform of the normal host-encoded prion protein PrP(C). Immunodetection of PrP(Sc) is often utilized for prion disease diagnosis and tracking spread of the infectious agent through the host.

Efficacy and safety of oral paliperidone extended-release tablets in the treatment of acute schizophrenia: pooled data from three 52-week open-label studies.

Long-term efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release tablets (3-12 mg/day) were evaluated in pooled data from 52-week open-label extension (OLE) phases of three 6-week, placebo-controlled, double-blind (DB) trials involving 1083 schizophrenia patients. Forty-seven percent of patients completed the OLE phase. Outcome measures included Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Personal and Social Performance scale scores.

Efficacy and tolerability of oral paliperidone extended-release tablets in the treatment of acute schizophrenia: pooled data from three 6-week, placebo-controlled studies.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of an extended-release (ER) formulation of paliperidone in patients with an acute episode of schizophrenia, in the dosage range of 3 to 15 mg daily.

Method: A pooled analysis of 3 similarly designed 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, fixed-dose, placebo-controlled studies in 1326 patients with acute schizophrenia (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale [PANSS] total score of 70-120) was performed. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 3, 6, 9, 12, or 15 mg daily of paliperidone ER or placebo.

Safety and tolerability of oral paliperidone extended-release tablets in elderly patients with schizophrenia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study with six-month open-label extension.

Objective: The objective of this multicenter, international study was to evaluate safety and tolerability of paliperidone extended-release (ER) tablets in elderly (age > or =65 years) patients with schizophrenia. The authors conducted a 6-week, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, optional 24-week open-label extension study. Interventions consisted of flexible, once-daily doses of paliperidone ER (3-12 mg/day; 6-mg starting dose, adjusted in 3-mg dose increments) or placebo (2:1) during double-blind treatment and paliperidone ER only during open-label treatment.

Efficacy and safety of paliperidone extended-release tablets: results of a 6-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Paliperidone extended-release tablet (paliperidone ER; Invega, Janssen L.P., Titusville, New Jersey) is an oral psychotropic for schizophrenia treatment.

Efficacy, safety and early response of paliperidone extended-release tablets (paliperidone ER): results of a 6-week, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

Background: Paliperidone extended-release tablet (paliperidone ER) is an oral psychotropic agent developed for schizophrenia treatment. Paliperidone (9-OH-risperidone, metabolite of risperidone), when used with OROS technology has a unique pharmacokinetic profile undergoing limited hepatic metabolism.

Methods: The efficacy and safety of once-daily paliperidone ER (3 mg, 9 mg and 15 mg) were compared with placebo in 618 patients with acute schizophrenia in a 6-week, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study.

Prion interference is due to a reduction in strain-specific PrPSc levels.

When two prion strains infect a single host, one strain can interfere with the ability of the other to cause disease but it is not known whether prion replication of the second strain is also diminished. To further investigate strain interference, we infected hamsters in the sciatic nerve with the long-incubation-period transmissible mink encephalopathy (TME) agent DY TME prior to superinfection of hamsters with the short-incubation-period HY TME agent. Increases in the interval between TME agent inoculations resulted in an extension of the incubation period of HY TME or a complete block of the ability of the HY TME agent to cause disease.

Kinematic analyses of the 180 degrees standing turn: effects of age on strategies adopted by healthy young and older women.

Standing turns are associated with an increased risk for falls and fall-related injuries in the elderly. The purpose of this study was to test the (null) hypothesis that age has no effect on the kinematics of the 180 degrees turn. Ten young and 10 older healthy women were asked to complete a series of 180 degrees turns in a standing posture after picking up a light bowl with both hands.

Symptomatic remission in patients with bipolar mania: results from a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of risperidone monotherapy.

Background: The purpose of this analysis was to assess rates of symptomatic remission in patients with bipolar mania receiving risperidone in a double-blind, parallel-group, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial conducted in India.

Method: Two hundred ninety-one adult patients who met DSM-IV criteria for bipolar I disorder manic or mixed episode were randomly assigned to flexible doses of risperidone (1-6 mg/day, N = 146) or placebo (N = 145) for up to 3 weeks. An entry Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score of >or= 20 was required at trial screening and baseline.

Acute and continuation risperidone monotherapy in bipolar mania: a 3-week placebo-controlled trial followed by a 9-week double-blind trial of risperidone and haloperidol.

In a randomized, double-blind trial, patients with acute bipolar mania received 1-6 mg/day of risperidone, 2-12 mg/day of haloperidol, or placebo for 3 weeks, followed by double-blind risperidone or haloperidol for 9 weeks. Of 438 patients, 154 were randomized to risperidone, 144 to haloperidol, and 140 to placebo. The mean+/-S.

Rapid antimanic effect of risperidone monotherapy: a 3-week multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Objective: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of risperidone monotherapy in the treatment of acute bipolar mania.

Method: Patients with DSM-IV bipolar I disorder experiencing an acute manic episode (baseline Young Mania Rating Scale score >/==" BORDER="0">20) were randomly assigned to 3 weeks of treatment with risperidone (flexible dose: 1-6 mg/day) or placebo. The primary efficacy measure was the mean baseline-to-endpoint change in total score on the Young Mania Rating Scale.

Zinc fingers can act as Zn2+ sensors to regulate transcriptional activation domain function.

The yeast Zap1 transcription factor controls the expression of genes involved in zinc accumulation and storage. Zap1 is active in zinc-limited cells and repressed in replete cells. Zap1 has two activation domains, AD1 and AD2, which are both regulated by zinc.