Human sperm morphology assessment since 2010: experience of an Australian external quality assurance programme.

Research Question: Which classification criteria of sperm normality were used after the publication of the World Health Organization (WHO) 5th Edition manual (WHO5), and how did the laboratories perform?

Design: Semen samples were sent to enrolled laboratories over a 10-year period for the determination of the proportion of spermatozoa with normal morphology. The coefficient of variation was used to indicate the level of precision between laboratories.

Results: Before the publication of WHO5, at least six different classification criteria were in use.