Alcohol-associated liver disease predicts increased post-liver transplant opioid use.

Background: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a rising indication for liver transplantation (LT). Prolonged opioid use after LT leads to increased graft loss and mortality. The aim is to determine if patients transplanted with a primary diagnosis of ALD had higher risk of post-LT opioid use (p-LTOU) compared to non-ALD patients.

Adherence to home-based videogame treatment for amblyopia in children and adults.

: Home-based videogame treatments are increasingly popular for amblyopia treatment. However, at-home treatments tend to be done in short sessions and with frequent disruptions, which may reduce the effectiveness of binocular visual stimulation. These treatment adherence patterns need to be accounted for when considering dose-response relationships and treatment effectiveness.

Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring in paediatrics.

Aim: Vancomycin guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) aim to maximise efficacy while minimising toxicity and resistance. Vancomycin is effective against Staphylococcus aureus when it achieves area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)/minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 400. Studies in children have shown that target trough concentrations poorly correlate to AUC/MIC > 400; however, they are used in practice for clinical convenience.

Optical treatment of amblyopia in older children and adults is essential prior to enrolment in a clinical trial.

Purpose: Optical treatment alone can improve visual acuity (VA) in children with amblyopia, thus clinical trials investigating additional amblyopia therapies (such as patching or videogames) for children require a preceding optical treatment phase. Emerging therapies for adult patients are entering clinical trials. It is unknown whether optical treatment is effective for adults with amblyopia and whether an optical correction phase is required for trials involving adults.

Effectiveness of a Binocular Video Game vs Placebo Video Game for Improving Visual Functions in Older Children, Teenagers, and Adults With Amblyopia: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Binocular amblyopia treatment using contrast-rebalanced stimuli showed promise in laboratory studies and requires clinical trial investigation in a home-based setting.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a binocular video game with a placebo video game for improving visual functions in older children and adults.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Binocular Treatment of Amblyopia Using Videogames clinical trial was a multicenter, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.

Development and validation of a questionnaire assessing the quality of life impact of Colour Blindness (CBQoL).

Background: Congenital colour vision deficiency (CVD), commonly called 'colour blindness', affects around 8% of men and 0.4% of women. Although many aspects of health (e.

Improving children's nurses' knowledge of caring for people with mental health problems.

[Figure: see text] The aim of this project was to provide training to nursing staff to improve their confidence and knowledge when caring for children and young people with mental health problems. A one-day bespoke training course was given to a purposeful sample of eight children's nurses. The nurses completed questionnaires before and after the training day and a third questionnaire three months after the course.

Binocular treatment of amblyopia using videogames (BRAVO): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Amblyopia is a common neurodevelopmental disorder of vision that is characterised by visual impairment in one eye and compromised binocular visual function. Existing evidence-based treatments for children include patching the nonamblyopic eye to encourage use of the amblyopic eye. Currently there are no widely accepted treatments available for adults with amblyopia.

Body surface mapping versus the standard 12 lead ECG in the detection of myocardial infarction amongst emergency department patients: a Bayesian approach.

Objective: To determine if body surface mapping (BSM) is better than the standard 12 lead ECG in the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction amongst emergency department patients.

Setting: A University affiliated inner-city emergency department.

Participants: People presenting to an emergency department with symptoms compatible with myocardial ischaemia/infarction.

Evaluation of methodological search filters--a review.

Objectives: The objectives of the study were: to provide an overview of approaches to methodological search filter development; to identify and critically review the stages of methodological search filter development; to devise a search filter appraisal checklist based on the review.

Methods: An iterative approach to searching was employed utilizing health and library databases, the world wide web and citation searching. Further systematic methods included hand searching of key journals in the field of search filter development, contacting known experts in the field and scanning reference lists of relevant papers to identify additional studies.

A novel method for the detection of transient myocardial ischaemia using body surface electrocardiac mapping.

Background: The limitations of the 12-lead ECG in the detection of myocardial ischaemia are well known. This study sought to test the hypothesis that a Body Surface Mapping (BSM) system can detect and localise the transient regional ischaemia induced by elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with stable angina.

Methods And Results: 25 patients undergoing elective single vessel PCI were studied: 11 with RCA lesions, 9 with LAD lesions and 5 with circumflex lesions.

Awareness, use and opinions of methodological search filters used for the retrieval of evidence-based medical literature-a questionnaire survey.

The aim of this study was to determine the level of awareness of methodological search filters among health and academic librarians in the UK and Ireland, their use of filters and views on the perceived benefits, limitations and ways to increase usage of search filters. A random proportional sample of health and academic librarians were surveyed by telephone and fax. Overall, 88% (196/224) completed the telephone survey to establish awareness and use of filters.

Fascin, an actin-bundling protein, modulates colonic epithelial cell invasiveness and differentiation in vitro.

In epithelial tissue, cell-matrix and cell-cell adhesive interactions have important roles in the normal organization and stabilization of the cell layer. The malignant conversion of epithelial cells involves alterations in the expression and function of these adhesion systems that enable a switch to a migratory phenotype in tumor invasion and metastasis. Fascin is an actin-crosslinking protein that is found in the core actin bundles of cell-surface spikes and projections that are implicated in cell motility.