Students' perception of the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmacy school.

Introduction: The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) among college students, particularly in pharmacy education, raises ethical concerns and prompts debates on responsible usage. The promise of the potential to reduce workload is met with concerns of accuracy issues, algorithmic bias, and the lack of AI education and training. This study aims to understand pharmacy students' perspectives on the use of AI in pharmacy education.

A Mixed Methods Study of Resources Available for the Professional Development of Mid-Career Faculty.

Objective: To determine what resources are available and useful for the professional development of mid-career faculty (MCF) in pharmacy education to foster career advancement.

Methods: A 37-question survey was sent to 7236 members of the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy, an estimated 4640 of whom represented the target population of associate professors, full professors, and administrators. Semi-structured focus groups involving these 3 groups of faculty were held to provide additional insight.

A Call to Action for the Professional Development of Mid-Career Faculty.

Despite taking on heavier teaching and service loads, an expanding research program, and serving as mentors to junior faculty, mid-career faculty often feel unsupported. Providing a solid foundation through resource allocation and sharing between and within institutions can facilitate establishment or improvement of faculty development initiatives, workload equity, transparent policies, routine performance evaluation, a process for faculty recognition, and a system of mentoring to create an environment where this essential group of faculty can continue to grow. The following discussion, which includes suggested methods to achieve these goals with a focus on mid-career faculty, serves as a call to action for pharmacy school administrators to assess the state of mid-career faculty at their institution, and if indicated, implement systems that promote success among this group.

Best Practices in Syllabus Design.

The syllabus is the cornerstone for directing faculty and student interaction within the didactic and experiential settings. Within each syllabus is both essential and optional information to guide students, faculty, and administration in course expectations as well as to explain how the course aligns within current curricular requirements to maintain program accreditation. Most syllabi contain a plethora of information that continues to grow each year, warranting concerns of syllabus bloat combined with dwindling student attention to syllabus detail.

Dysregulation of iron metabolism in cardiovascular diseases: From iron deficiency to iron overload.

Iron deficiency and iron overload are the most prevalent and opposite forms of dysregulated iron metabolism that affect approximately 30 percent of the world population, in particularly, elderly and patients with chronic diseases. Both iron deficiency and overload are frequently observed in a wide range of cardiovascular diseases, contributing to the onset and progression of these diseases. One of the devastating seqeulae for iron overload is the induction of ferroptosis, a newly defined form of regulated cell death which heavily impacts cardiac function through ferroptotic cell death in cardiomyocytes.

Knockout of macrophage migration inhibitory factor accentuates side-stream smoke exposure-induced myocardial contractile dysfunction through dysregulated mitophagy.

Second hand smoke exposure increases the prevalence of chronic diseases partly attributed to inflammatory responses. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine, is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases although its role in second hand smoke exposure-induced cardiac anomalies remains elusive. This study evaluated the impact of MIF knockout on side-stream smoke exposure-induced cardiac pathology and underlying mechanisms.

Marijuana Use in the Elderly: Implications and Considerations.

Objective: This article reviews the literature on the use of marijuana in the elderly. Pharmacists play an important role in the management of medications including drug use of potentially illegal drugs, including marijuana. The use of both recreational and medical marijuana has grown exponentially in the general population, including in older adults.

ACCP Template for Evaluating a Clinical Pharmacist.

ACCP is committed to ensuring that clinical pharmacists possess the competencies necessary to deliver comprehensive medication management in team-based, direct patient care environments. These competencies are divided into six essential domains: direct patient care, pharmacotherapy knowledge, systems-based care and population health, communication, professionalism, and continuing professional development. The 2016 ACCP Clinical Practice Affairs Committee has developed an evaluation tool that includes the assessable tasks of today's clinical pharmacists that fall within each domain.

A Self-Assessment Guide for Resident Teaching Experiences.

The 2015 American College of Clinical Pharmacy (ACCP) Educational Affairs Committee was charged with developing a self-assessment guide for residency programs to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the outcomes of resident teaching curricula. After extensively reviewing the literature, the committee developed assessment rubrics modeled after the 2013 ACCP white paper titled "Guidelines for Resident Teaching Experiences" and the revised American Society of Health-System Pharmacists (ASHP) 2014 accreditation standards for PGY1 residencies, which place greater emphasis on the teaching and learning curriculum (TLC) than the previous accreditation standards. The self-assessment guide developed by the present committee can serve as an assessment tool for both basic and expanded TLCs.

Cholesterol management in geriatric patients: new guidelines.

Pharmacists play an important role in the management of primary care disease states such as hypercholesterolemia. The 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) guidelines provide the pharmacist with pertinent treatment recommendations relevant to day-to-day clinical practice and geriatric care. This article reviews these new evidencebased guidelines for cholesterol management in general and for the elderly specifically.

Essential elements for a pharmacy practice mentoring program.

Formal guidelines for mentoring faculty members in pharmacy practice divisions of colleges and schools of pharmacy do not exist in the literature. This paper addresses the background literature on mentoring programs, explores the current state of mentoring programs used in pharmacy practice departments, and provides guidelines for colleges and schools instituting formal mentoring programs. As the number of pharmacy colleges and schools has grown, the demand for quality pharmacy faculty members has dramatically increased.

Gender differences in the use of peak flow meters and their effect on peak expiratory flow.

Study Objective: To determine if gender differences in the skill of using peak flow meters affect peak expiratory flow (PEF).

Design: Prospective observational study.

Setting: University classroom.

Treatment of migraine headaches with sumatriptan in pregnancy.

Objective: To review the literature for treatment of migraine headaches with sumatriptan during pregnancy.

Data Sources: Studies and reports were located in International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (1970-September 2003) and MEDLINE (1966-week 3 September 2003).

Data Synthesis: Research has been performed to evaluate the risk of teratogenesis after sumatriptan exposure in pregnant patients.