Open adrenalectomy through a makuuchi incision: A single institution's experience.

Background: Surgical techniques for adrenalectomy have evolved substantially over the last century. Although minimally invasive approaches are favored for benign disease, open adrenalectomy remains the gold standard for large tumors and those concerning for malignancy. Most reports describe the use of midline, subcostal, or thoracoabdominal incisions for open adrenalectomy.