Reduced Breast and Ovarian Cancer Through Targeted Genetic Testing: Estimates Using the NEEMO Microsimulation Model.

The effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of genetic testing for hereditary breast and ovarian cancer largely rely on the identification and clinical management of individuals with a pathogenic variant prior to developing cancer. Simulation modelling is commonly utilised to evaluate genetic testing strategies due to its ability to synthesise collections of data and extrapolate over long time periods and large populations. Existing genetic testing simulation models use simplifying assumptions for predictive genetic testing and risk management uptake, which could impact the reliability of their estimates.

Global and Regional Economic Burden of Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Critique of Methods.

Objective: This systematic review aims to comprehensively examine up-to-date evidence on the economic burden of eating disorders (EDs), both globally and by region.

Methodology: A comprehensive search within five electronic databases, MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and EconLit, retrieved studies published from August 1, 2013, to June 30, 2024. Cost of illness (COI) studies, burden of disease, and other cost studies that reported costs in monetary values were included, and cost-effectiveness analysis studies were excluded.

Patients' experience of incontinence and incontinence-associated dermatitis in hospital settings: a qualitative study.

Objective: To explore the experience of patients with incontinence and incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in acute care hospitals and their family caregivers, including their perceptions and management, as well as the impact on their wellbeing.

Method: A qualitative exploratory study design was employed in 18 wards across six acute/subacute hospitals in New South Wales, Australia. Patients with incontinence (with or without IAD) were invited to participate.

A peer mentoring program for eating disorders: improved symptomatology and reduced hospital admissions, three years and a pandemic on.

Background: Peer support involves people (mentors) using their own experiences to assist others (mentees). The impetus to include peer support in eating disorder recovery is high, however research on implementation of peer roles in eating disorder management is limited. A previous pilot study found positive but preliminary results for a Peer Mentor Program (PMP) for eating disorders.

Impact of an evidence-based bundle on incontinence-associated dermatitis prevalence in hospital patients: A quasi-experimental translational study.

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of an intervention on the prevalence and severity of incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) in six hospitals in one state in Australia. This quasi-experimental pre-and post-study, conducted in 18 wards, was part of a larger implementation science study on incontinence-associated dermatitis. Skin and incontinence assessments were conducted on patients during February and March 2020 (pre-intervention) and July and August 2021 (post-intervention).

Data-driven collaborative QUality improvement in Cardiac Rehabilitation (QUICR) to increase program completion: protocol for a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of deaths and disability worldwide. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) effectively reduces the risk of future cardiac events and is strongly recommended in international clinical guidelines. However, CR program quality is highly variable with divergent data systems, which, when combined, potentially contribute to persistently low completion rates.

Stakeholders' preferences for the design and delivery of virtual care services: A systematic review of discrete choice experiments.

This systematic review aimed to synthesise evidence from discrete choice experiments (DCEs) eliciting preferences for virtual models of care, as well as to assess the quality of those DCEs and compare the relative preferences for different stakeholder groups. Articles were included if published between January 2010 and December 2022. Data were synthesised narratively, and attributes were assessed for frequency, significance, and relative importance using a semi-quantitative approach.

Impact of cystic fibrosis multidisciplinary virtual clinics on patient experience, time commitments and costs.

Background And Aims: The experience of outpatient care may differ for select patient groups. This prospective study evaluates the adult patient experience of multidisciplinary outpatient cystic fibrosis (CF) care with videoconferencing through telehealth compared with face-to-face care the year prior.

Methods: People with CF without a lung transplant were recruited.

A randomised controlled trial of clinician supported vs self-help delivery of online cognitive behaviour therapy for Bulimia Nervosa.

High dropout rates and poor adherence associated with digital interventions have prompted research into modifications of these treatments to improve engagement and completion rates. This trial aimed to investigate the added benefit of clinician support when paired alongside a ten-session, online cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) self-help intervention for bulimia nervosa (BN). As part of a three-arm, phase II randomised controlled trial, 114 participants (16 years or over) with full or subthreshold BN were randomly assigned to complete the intervention in a self-help mode (with administrative researcher contact; n = 38), with adjunct clinician support (weekly 30-minute videoconferencing sessions; n = 37), or a no-treatment waitlist control (WLC; n = 39).

The impact of targeted interventions aimed to improve quality of life in patients receiving home parenteral nutrition: A systematic literature review.

Background: Home parenteral nutrition (HPN) is a specialised therapy offered to people suffering from intestinal failure. Underlying disease, HPN complications and limitations of HPN can significantly impact a person's quality-of-life (QOL). The aim of this review was to evaluate the evidence on existing non-surgical/non-pharmacological interventions aimed at improving QOL, clinical, patient-reported and economic outcomes for patients receiving parenteral nutrition therapy at home across adult and paediatric settings.

Appraisal of the costs, health effects, and cost-effectiveness of screening, prevention, treatment and policy-indicated evidence-based interventions for eating disorders: a systematic review protocol.

Background: Having reliable information to make decisions about the allocation of healthcare resources is needed to improve well-being and quality-of-life of individuals with eating disorders (EDs). EDs are a main concern for healthcare administrators globally, particularly due to the severity of health effects, urgent and complex healthcare needs, and relatively high and long-term healthcare costs. A rigorous assessment of up-to-date health economic evidence on interventions for EDs is essential for informing decision-making in this area.

Prospective cohort study investigating quality of life outcomes following multi-speciality robotic-assisted surgery.

Introduction: Despite recent evidence on the surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted surgery (RAS), other patient centre outcomes, including quality of life (QOL), are lacking. This study aims to examine changes in QoL trajectories following RAS across different surgical specialities.

Patients And Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted for patients undergoing urologic, cardiothoracic, colorectal or benign gynaecological RAS, between June 2016 and January 2020 at a tertiary referral hospital in Australia.

Mobile Health Pulmonary Rehabilitation Compared to a Center-Based Program for Cost-Effectiveness and Effects on Exercise Capacity, Health Status, and Quality of Life in People With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: The use of digital health is a novel way to improve access to comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation for people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to determine if a home-based pulmonary rehabilitation program supported by mobile health (mHealth) technology is equivalent to center-based pulmonary rehabilitation in terms of improvements in exercise capacity and health status in people with COPD.

Methods: This study is a prospective, multicenter, equivalence randomized controlled trial (RCT) with intention-to-treat analysis.

The experience of hospital care for older surgical patients and their carers: A mixed-methods study.

Objective: A growing proportion of older adults are undergoing surgery, but there is a paucity of patient and carer experience research in this group. This study investigated the experience of hospital care in an older vascular surgery population for patients and their carers.

Methods: This was a mixed-methods convergent design, including simultaneous collection of quantitative and qualitative research strands by combining open-ended questions with rating scales in a questionnaire.

Adolescent Depression from a Developmental Perspective: The Importance of Recognizing Developmental Distress in Depressed Adolescents.

Objective: To make the case that developmental distress needs to be assessed when evaluating adolescent depression.

Methods: Reviews of relevant papers relating to adolescent depression.

Results: Adolescent depression is a common and costly health condition, confounded by a lack of consensus among health professionals regarding evidence-based approaches regarding treatments.

Systematic review of service improvements for home enteral tube feeding in adults.

Background: Patients receiving home enteral tube feeding (HETF) have a high risk of complications and readmission to hospital. This study aims to evaluate effectiveness of staff- and/or patient-focused service-improvement strategies on clinical, patient-reported, and economic outcomes for patients receiving HETF across adult settings.

Methods: The search was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases.

Health, social and economic implications of adolescent risk behaviours/states: protocol for Raine Study Gen2 cohort data linkage study.

Background: Risk-taking behaviours are a major contributor to youth morbidity and mortality. Vulnerability to these negative outcomes is constructed from individual behaviour including risk-taking, and from social context, ecological determinants, early life experience, developmental capacity and mental health, contributing to a state of higher risk. However, although risk-taking is part of normal adolescent development, there is no systematic way to distinguish young people with a high probability of serious adverse outcomes, hindering the capacity to screen and intervene.

The costs, health outcomes and cost-effectiveness of interventions for the prevention and treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis: A systematic review.

Background: Incontinence-associated dermatitis is a common, under-recognized painful skin condition associated with poorer quality of life, increased nurse workloads, and costs.

Objective: To systematically review economic evidence for the prevention and treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis.

Design: Systematic review of quantitative research.

Mental health and behavioural factors involved in road traffic crashes by young adults: analysis of the Raine Study.

Background: Road traffic crashes (RTC) are a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in young people. Severe mental health and behavioural conditions increase the likelihood of RTC, as do a range of driving-risk activities.

Method: We used data from the Raine Study, a prebirth cohort from Perth, Australia, to assess the relationship between measures of common mental health or behavioural conditions (Child Behavior Checklist Internalising and Externalising scores) at age 17 and subsequent RTC by 27 years, controlling for substance use and driving-risk activities.

Cost-effectiveness of Multidisciplinary Interventions for Chronic Low Back Pain: A Narrative Review.

Objective: Chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults is a global health and economic problem. The aim of this paper was to systematically review and determine what proportion of multidisciplinary approaches to managing chronic musculoskeletal pain are cost-effective.

Materials And Methods: The EconLit, Embase, and PubMed electronic databases were searched for randomized and nonrandomized economic evaluation studies of nonpharmaceutical multidisciplinary chronic pain management interventions published from inception through to August 2019.