Impacts of Domestication and Veterinary Treatment on Mobile Genetic Elements and Resistance Genes in Equine Fecal Bacteria.

Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria is a threat to both human and animal health. We aimed to understand the impact of domestication and antimicrobial treatment on the types and numbers of resistant bacteria, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), and class 1 integrons (C1I) in the equine gut microbiome. Antibiotic-resistant fecal bacteria were isolated from wild horses, healthy farm horses, and horses undergoing veterinary treatment, and isolates (9,083 colonies) were screened by PCR for C1I; these were found at frequencies of 9.

An international survey of experiences and attitudes towards pacing using a heart rate monitor for people with myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome.

Background: Myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) is a complex, multi-system neurological condition. The defining feature of ME is post-exertional malaise (PEM) with over 30 symptoms triggered by physical, cognitive, emotional and social activity. The cause of PEM is unclear but one area of research using cardio-pulmonary exercise tests show a reduced ventilatory anaerobic threshold (VAT) with repeated tests leading to PEM.

Understanding the microbial fibre degrading communities & processes in the equine gut.

The equine gastrointestinal tract is a self-sufficient fermentation system, housing a complex microbial consortium that acts synergistically and independently to break down complex lignocellulolytic material that enters the equine gut. Despite being strict herbivores, equids such as horses and zebras lack the diversity of enzymes needed to completely break down plant tissue, instead relying on their resident microbes to carry out fibrolysis to yield vital energy sources such as short chain fatty acids. The bulk of equine digestion occurs in the large intestine, where digesta is fermented for 36-48 h through the synergistic activities of bacteria, fungi, and methanogenic archaea.

Humility and Acceptance: Working Within Our Limits With Long COVID and Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome.

The term was coined by patients to describe the long-term consequences of COVID-19. One year into the pandemic, it was clear that all patients-those hospitalized with COVID-19 and those who lived with the disease in the community-were at risk of developing debilitating sequelae that would impact their quality of life. Patients with long COVID asked for rehabilitation.

The equine hindgut as a reservoir of mobile genetic elements and antimicrobial resistance genes.

Antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens is a growing problem for both human and veterinary medicine. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) such as plasmids, transposons, and integrons enable the spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) among bacteria, and the overuse of antibiotics drives this process by providing the selection pressure for resistance genes to establish and persist in bacterial populations. Because bacteria, MGEs, and resistance genes can readily spread between different ecological compartments (e.

Toward validation of process criteria for high-pressure processing of orange juice with predictive models.

Mathematical models were developed to predict time to inactivation (TTI) by high-pressure processing of Salmonella in Australian Valencia orange juice (pH 4.3) and navel orange juice (pH 3.7) as a function of pressure magnitude (300 to 600 MPa) and inoculum level (3 to 7 log CFU/ml).

Effect of prior growth temperature, type of enrichment medium, and temperature and time of storage on recovery of Listeria monocytogenes following high pressure processing of milk.

A five-isolate cocktail of Listeria monocytogenes (10(3) cfu/ml in skim or whole raw milk) was subjected to 450 MPa for 900 s or 600 MPa for 90 s. The effects of prior growth temperature, type of milk (skim vs. whole), type of recovery-enrichment media (optimized Penn State University [oPSU] broth, Listeria Enrichment Broth [LEB], Buffered LEB [BLEB], Modified BLEB [MBLEB], and milk), storage temperature and storage time on the recovery of L.