Association between Obesity, Race or Ethnicity, and Luminal Subtypes of Breast Cancer.

Luminal breast cancers are the most common genomic subtype of breast cancers where Luminal A cancers have a better prognosis than Luminal B. Exposure to sex steroids and inflammatory status due to obesity are key contributors of Luminal tumor development. In this study, 1928 patients with Luminal A breast cancer and 1610 patients with Luminal B breast cancer were compared based on body mass index (BMI), age, race, menopausal status, and expressed receptors (i.

An evaluation of veterinary allergen extract content and resultant canine intradermal threshold concentrations.

Background: Limited information is available for dogs on threshold concentrations (TCs), and the protein composition of common allergenic extracts produced by different manufacturers.

Hypothesis/objectives: To characterize the protein heterogeneity of tree, grass, weed and mite allergens from different lots of allergenic extracts, and to determine intradermal TCs for healthy dogs using extracts from two manufacturers.

Animals: Twenty five privately owned, clinically healthy dogs and ten purpose-bred beagle dogs.

Stat3 Signaling Promotes Survival And Maintenance Of Medullary Thymic Epithelial Cells.

Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) are essential for establishing central tolerance by expressing a diverse array of self-peptides that delete autoreactive thymocytes and/or divert thymocytes into the regulatory T cell lineage. Activation of the NFκB signaling pathway in mTEC precursors is indispensable for mTEC maturation and proliferation resulting in proper medullary region formation. Here we show that the Stat3-mediated signaling pathway also plays a key role in mTEC development and homeostasis.