High-throughput characterization of functional variants highlights heterogeneity and polygenicity underlying lung cancer susceptibility.

Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous lung cancer risk-associated loci. However, decoding molecular mechanisms of these associations is challenging since most of these genetic variants are non-protein-coding with unknown function. Here, we implemented massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) to simultaneously measure the allelic transcriptional activity of risk-associated variants.

Cross-talk between EGFR and BMP signals regulates chondrocyte maturation during endochondral ossification.

Background: Progressive maturation of growth plate chondrocytes drives long bone growth during endochondral ossification. Signals from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and from bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP2), are required for normal chondrocyte maturation. Here, we investigated cross-talk between EGFR and BMP2 signals in developing and adult growth plates.

Carcinoma -associated Retinopathy(CAR): Role of Electroretinography(ERG) and Optical coherence Tomography(OCT) in diagnosis and predicting treatment outcome.

Purpose: Cancer-associated retinopathy (CAR) is a potentially blinding condition that can be stalled or,rarely, reversed if diagnosed early. This case report aims to highlight the role of Electroretinography (ERG) and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) in diagnosis and predicting treatment response, in the clinical scenario of unexplained vision loss in a patient with a recent diagnosis of uterine malignancy.

Observations: A 70 year old lady, recently diagnosed with Endometrial carcinoma Stage 3, came to us with defective vision and photopsiae of both eyes of ten days duration.

Recent advances in granulosa cell tumor ovary: a review.

Granulosa cell tumors constitute less than 5 % of all ovarian tumors. Unlike epithelial ovarian tumors, they occur in a younger age group, are usually detected in an early stage and often have features of hyperestrogenism. The presenting symptoms are usually nonspecific with abdominal pain or distension.