Prevalence of Excess Sodium Intake and Their Corresponding Food Sources in Adults from the 2017-2018 Brazilian National Dietary Survey.

Excessive sodium intake has been related to high blood pressure, a central risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In the present work, updated estimates of sodium intake, the main food sources, and the prevalence of excessive intakes in a nationwide multi-ethnic sample of Brazilian adults (2017-2018 Brazilian National Dietary Survey) were presented. Based on two 24-h recalls adjusted for the within-person variation, the overall median of sodium intake was 2432 mg.

Food Insecurity Reduces the Chance of Following a Nutrient-Dense Dietary Pattern by Brazilian Adults: Insights from a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey.

Dietary patterns derived by data-driven techniques are still scarce in the food security context and may be a useful tool to inform policymakers to promote adequate and healthy diets for vulnerable populations. We investigated the association between food security status and dietary patterns among 28,127 Brazilian adults using data from the 2017-2018 Household Budget Survey. Food security status was measured by the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale.

A chrononutrition perspective of diet quality and eating behaviors of Brazilian adolescents in associated with sleep duration.

It is well recognized that sleep and food intake exhibit 24-h patterns and disturbances of these patterns can lead to health problems. Cross-sectional and prospective studies suggest that diet quality and eating behaviors are negatively affected by short sleep duration. Adolescence is a particularly vulnerable period for the emergence of inadequate sleep and diet patterns.

Nutritional breakfast quality and cardiometabolic risk factors: Health Survey of São Paulo, a population-based study.

Objective: To evaluate the association between nutritional quality of breakfast and cardiometabolic risk factors.

Design: Cross-sectional study, 2015 Health Survey of São Paulo (2015 ISA-Capital) with Focus on Nutrition Study (2015 ISA-Nutrition).

Settings: Population-based study, with a representative sample of adults and elderlies living in São Paulo, Brazil.

Principal Component Analysis and Factor Analysis: differences and similarities in Nutritional Epidemiology application.

Introduction: Statistical methods such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Factor Analysis (FA) are increasingly popular in Nutritional Epidemiology studies. However, misunderstandings regarding the choice and application of these methods have been observed.

Objectives: This study aims to compare and present the main differences and similarities between FA and PCA, focusing on their applicability to nutritional studies.

Eating behaviours and dietary intake associations with self-reported sleep duration of free-living Brazilian adults.

Sleep duration in modern societies has been decreasing over the past decades and many environmental and behaviour factors contribute with. Evidence have shown that individuals with short sleep duration have worse eating behaviours and dietary intakes than those with adequate sleep. This study aimed to describe eating behaviours and dietary intakes of Brazilian adults and investigate their associations with self-reported sleep duration encompassing aspects of chrono-nutrition.

Validation of self-reported diabetes in a representative sample of São Paulo city.

OBJECTIVE To validate the self-reported diabetes mellitus in adults and older adults living in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS We have used data of 569 subjects (284 adults and 285 older adults), participants of the population-based cross-sectional study Inquérito de Saúde do Município de São Paulo (Health Survey of São Paulo). Fasting glucose ≥ 7.

Proposal for a breakfast quality index for brazilian population: Rationale and application in the Brazilian National Dietary Survey.

Breakfast has been related to positive nutrition and health outcomes, but criteria for an optimal composition of this meal are not well established. The aim of this study was to propose a breakfast quality index (BQI) for the Brazilian population, and to describe the relationship between breakfast quality, socio-demographic factors, dietary intake at breakfast and for the total day. BQI was constructed based on individual dietary data of 22,279 breakfast consumers, aged 20+ years from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey, a population-based cross-sectional study.

Probability and amounts of yogurt intake are differently affected by sociodemographic, economic, and lifestyle factors in adults and the elderly-results from a population-based study.

The aim of this population-based cross-sectional health survey (N = 532) was to investigate the factors associated with the probability and amounts of yogurt intake in Brazilian adults and the elderly. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on demographics, socioeconomic information, presence of morbidities and lifestyle and anthropometric characteristics. Food intake was evaluated using two nonconsecutive 24-hour dietary recalls and a Food Frequency Questionnaire.

Empirically derived dietary patterns: interpretability and construct validity according to different factor rotation methods.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of factor rotation methods on interpretability and construct validity of dietary patterns derived in a representative sample of 1,102 Brazilian adults. Dietary patterns were derived from exploratory factor analysis. Orthogonal (varimax) and oblique rotations (promax, direct oblimin) were applied.

Sex differences in serum leptin and its relation to markers of cardiometabolic risk in middle-aged adults: evidence from a population-based study.

Objective: At elevated concentrations, circulating leptin has been associated with metabolic disturbances, namely insulin resistance, elevated blood pressure, inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Because women have higher leptin concentrations than men, it is possible that the effects of leptin on the metabolic profile are different between the sexes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether leptin is one of the key hormones to sex affect differences in the pathophysiology of cardiometabolic risk.

[Underreporting of energy intake and associated factors in a population-based study].

This study aimed to identify the prevalence of underreporting of energy intake and associated factors in a sample of 331 individuals from the population-based Health Survey in the City of São Paulo, Brazil. Energy intake was assessed by averaging two 24-hour recalls collected on nonconsecutive days. Total energy expenditure was calculated by the predictive equation, and under-reporters were defined as individuals with energy intake less than 2 standard deviations from the energy intake/predicted total energy expenditure ratio.

Associations between dietary patterns and self-reported hypertension among Brazilian adults: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Hypertension is a prevalent cardiovascular disease, the important modifiable risk factor of which is diet. The aim of this study was to derive dietary patterns and to test associations with self-reported hypertension and other characteristics, namely demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle factors. Data were obtained from the population-based cross-sectional study titled Health Survey of the City of São Paulo, with a random sample of residents of the city of São Paulo, Brazil, aged older than 20 years of both sexes (n=1,102).

Are plasma homocysteine concentrations in Brazilian adolescents influenced by the intake of the main food sources of natural folate?

Background: Folate, a B vitamin, has been associated with a reduced concentration of plasma homocysteine (phcy), a marker of cardiovascular disease. The contribution of fruits and vegetables (FV) and other natural folate-rich foods to folate intake and folate status in Brazilian adolescents has hardly been determined.

Objectives: To investigate the intake of FV and beans and its association with the concentration of phcy in adolescents.

Inadequate nutrient intake among the Brazilian elderly: National Dietary Survey 2008-2009.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of inadequate nutrient intake in the Brazilian elderly.

Methods: This study was based on data from the National Dietary Survey, part of the Household Budget Survey 2008-2009. All individuals aged 60 and over, totaling 4,322 individuals, were included.

Determinants of fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents using quantile regression.

Objective: To analyze fruit and vegetable intake in adolescents and to identify associated factors.

Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted with a representative sample of 812 adolescents of both sexes in the city of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2003. Food consumption was measured with the 24-hour dietary recall.

Trans fatty acid intake among the population of the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze the monounsaturated and polyunsaturated trans fatty acid intake among the general population.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in 2003, on a representative sample of 2,298 male and female subjects, including 803 adolescents (12 to 19 years), 713 adults (20 to 59 years) and 782 elderly people (60 years or over). Food intake was measured using 24-hour recall.