Comparative efficacies and durations of action of phenoxybenzamine, verapamil/nitroglycerin solution, and papaverine as topical antispasmodics for radial artery coronary bypass grafting.

Objective: Radial arteries are increasingly used as conduits for coronary artery bypass grafts, but perioperative graft vasospasm continues to be a concern. Phenoxybenzamine, verapamil/nitroglycerin solution, and papaverine have been advocated as topical antispasmodic agents. We compared the relative efficacies and durations of action of these agents.