This study aimed to identify receptors mediating sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)-induced vasoconstriction in the normotensive and chronic hypoxia-induced hypertensive rat pulmonary circulation. In isolated perfused lungs from normoxic rats, infusion of S1P caused a sustained vasoconstriction, which was not reduced by combinational pretreatment with the dual S1P(1 and 3) receptor antagonist VPC23019 and the S1P(2) receptor antagonist JTE013. The S1P(4) receptor agonists phytosphingosine-1-phospate and VPC23153, but not the dual S1P(1 and 3) receptor agonist VPC24191, caused dose-dependent vasoconstrictions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSepsis is a frequent and often fatal complication of pneumonia. This article discusses the epidemiology, pathophysiology, and treatment of sepsis in the setting of pneumonia. Particular consideration is given to the role of mechanical ventilation in amplifying organ dysfunction in sepsis and to treatments that have positive effects on sepsis mortality and respiratory dysfunction.
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