The effect of long-term exposure to nonylphenol at environmentally relevant levels on mouse liver and adipose tissue.

Exposure to the xenoestrogen nonylphenol (NP) during critical windows of development leads to metabolic abnormalities in adult life. However, less is known about NP exposure outside the developmental period on metabolic outcomes. We investigated the effect of prolonged exposure to NP after sexual maturity and at environmentally relevant concentrations below the 'no observable adverse effects level' (0.

Cisplatin-induced changes in calcitonin gene-related peptide or TNF-α release in rat dorsal root ganglia in vitro model of neurotoxicity are not reverted by rosiglitazone.

Introduction: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of anticancer drugs which affect the peripheral nervous system, as occurs with cisplatin treatment. Nowadays, one strategy in development to prevent, minimize and/or revert CIPN is neuroprotection. Therefore, we have evaluated the signaling pathways involved in CIPN and the effect of rosiglitazone, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) agonist.

Exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals and anthropometric measures of obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are viewed as a major potential link between the environment and obesity development. We did a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between exposure to EDCs and obesity.

Data Sources, Design And Eligibility Criteria: PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched from inception to 6 June 2018 for studies primarily addressing the association between exposure to EDCs after the age of 2 years and anthropometric measures of obesity or body fat.

Evaluation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in a case series of familial partial lipodystrophy.

Background: Familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL) is a rare genetic disease characterized by body fat abnormalities that lead to insulin resistance (IR). Clinical conditions linked to milder IR, such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome, are associated with abnormalities of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, but little is known about its activity in FPL.

Methods: Patients meeting the clinical criteria for FPL were subjected to anthropometric, biochemical and hormone analyses.

The effect of glucagon-like peptide 1 and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists on energy expenditure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: We reviewed clinical trials addressing the effect of glucacon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) or GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) on energy expenditure (EE) in adults.

Materials And Methods: PubMed, Science Direct and Web of Science were searched for clinical trials investigating the effect of GLP-1 or GLP-1RA on EE in adults.

Results: Ten trials (93 participants) assessed the effect of GLP-1 administration over 1 to 48 h and found no change in resting EE (REE).

Leukocyte telomere length correlates with glucose control in adults with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Aims: We investigated leukocyte relative telomere length (TL) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) diagnosed for no longer than five years and its association with clinical and biochemical variables.

Methods: Peripheral blood leukocyte relative TL was investigated in 108 patients with T2D (87 women, 21 men) and 125 (37 women, 88 men) age-matched control subjects with normal glucose tolerance, by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between relative TL and demographic, anthropometric and biochemical indicators of metabolic control among patients with T2D.

Metabolic effects of aspartame in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Data about harms or benefits associated with the consumption of aspartame, a nonnutritive sweetener worldwide consumed, are still controversial. This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials aimed to assess the effect of aspartame consumption on metabolic parameters related to diabetes and obesity. The search was performed on Cochrane, LILACS, PubMed, SCOPUS, Web of Science databases, and on a gray literature using Open Grey, Google Scholar, and ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global.

Rosiglitazone Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Osteopontin Gene Expression in Human Dental Pulp Cells.

Introduction: Rosiglitazone (RSG) is a synthetic full agonist of transcription factor peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma. Previous studies have suggested an anti-inflammatory effect of RSG on lipopolysaccharide-induced pulp inflammation. However, its role in other cellular events related to pulp repair has not been investigated.

High sucrose intake in rats is associated with increased ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in the adipose tissue.

Sucrose-fed rats, a model of metabolic syndrome, are characterized by insulin resistance, obesity, hypertension, and high plasma levels of triacylglycerols and angiotensin II (Ang II). However, whether tissue renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is altered in metabolic syndrome is unclear. To study this issue, food ad libitum and water (C) or 20% sucrose solution (SC) were given to adult male Wistar rats, for 30 days.

Low birth weight in response to salt restriction during pregnancy is not due to alterations in uterine-placental blood flow or the placental and peripheral renin-angiotensin system.

A number of studies conducted in humans and in animals have observed that events occurring early in life are associated with the development of diseases in adulthood. Salt overload and restriction during pregnancy and lactation are responsible for functional (hemodynamic and hormonal) and structural alterations in adult offspring. Our group observed that lower birth weight and insulin resistance in adulthood is associated with salt restriction during pregnancy.

Low salt intake modulates insulin signaling, JNK activity and IRS-1ser307 phosphorylation in rat tissues.

A severe restriction of sodium chloride intake has been associated with insulin resistance and obesity. The molecular mechanisms by which the low salt diet (LS) can induce insulin resistance have not yet been established. The c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity has been involved in the pathophysiology of obesity and induces insulin resistance by increasing inhibitory IRS-1(ser307) phosphorylation.