Emotional and Behavioural Adjustment in Children and Adolescents with Short Stature vs. Their Normal-Statured Peers.

: the aim of the current cross-sectional study is to explore and compare the emotional and behavioural conditions of children and adolescents with short stature (i.e., familial short stature and constitutional delay of growth), idiopathic growth hormone deficiency (GHD), and normal height.

Association of Physical Performance with Mental and Physical Health-Related Quality of Life and Low Back Pain-Related Disabilities among Older Adults with Severe Obesity.

Low back pain is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal problems and continues to be the leading cause of disabilities worldwide. The aim of this study was to cross-sectionally investigate the association of physical performance with mental and physical health-related quality of life and low back pain-related disabilities among older adults with severe obesity. A total of 96 hospitalized older adults with severe obesity (45 males, 51 females, age: 69.

Sedentary Behavior, Obesity, and Disabilities in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Analysis of the Brazilian National Health Survey 2019.

Research suggests that sedentary behavior (SB) and obesity are associated with disabilities in basic activities (BADL) and instrumental (IADL) activities of daily living. However, there is a lack of studies investigating this association in community-dwelling older adults. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between different SB typologies, isolated and in conjunction with obesity, and their associations with BADL and IADL disabilities in community-dwelling Brazilian older adults.

Proximal sealing in the aortic arch for inner curve disease using the custom Relay scalloped and fenestrated stent graft.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze early and midterm results of custom-made proximal scallop and fenestrated stent grafts for thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) with a proximal landing zone (PLZ) in the aortic arch.

Methods: All consecutive patients treated with the custom made proximal scalloped and fenestrated Relay stent grafts (Terumo Aortic Bolton Medical Inc.) in 10 Italian centers between January 2014 and December 2022 were included.

Analysis of sarcopenic obesity prevalence and diagnostic agreement according to the 2022 ESPEN and EASO Consensus in hospitalized older adults with severe obesity.

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a clinical disorder characterized by increased adiposity and decreased muscle mass and function, commonly observed in older adults. However, most of the studies that investigated SO prevalence rates were not based on current standardized diagnostic methods. Thus, this study aims to estimate the prevalence rates of SO and their level of agreement using different instruments proposed by the European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism (ESPEN) and the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) Consensus, in a sample of hospitalized older adults with severe obesity.

Primary prophylaxis with mTOR inhibitor enhances T cell effector function and prevents heart transplant rejection during talimogene laherparepvec therapy of squamous cell carcinoma.

The application of mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition (mTORi) as primary prophylactic therapy to optimize T cell effector function while preserving allograft tolerance remains challenging. Here, we present a comprehensive two-step therapeutic approach in a male patient with metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and heart transplantation followed with concomitant longitudinal analysis of systemic immunologic changes. In the first step, calcineurin inhibitor/ mycophenolic acid is replaced by the mTORi everolimus to achieve an improved effector T cell status with increased cytotoxic activity (perforin, granzyme), enhanced proliferation (Ki67) and upregulated activation markers (CD38, CD69).

[Emotional and physical aftereffects of cancer Utility and impact of a rehabilitation program].

An increasing number of people are surviving cancer in Switzerland : 163,450 people were still alive in 2006 after a cancer diagnosis less than ten years prior, compared to 210,350 in 2016. However, most have to cope with debilitating emotional and physical aftereffects. A new 12-week rehabilitation program aims to restore patients' abilities.

Effects of combined training or moderate intensity continuous training during a 3-week multidisciplinary body weight reduction program on cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and substrate oxidation rate in adolescents with obesity.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of combined training (COMB, a combination of moderate-intensity continuous training-MICT and high-intensity interval training-HIIT) vs. continuous MICT administered during a 3-week in-hospital body weight reduction program (BWRP) on body composition, physical capacities, and substrate oxidation in adolescents with obesity. The 3-week in-hospital BWRP entailed moderate energy restriction, nutritional education, psychological counseling, and two different protocols of physical exercise.

Differences in spinal posture and mobility between adults with obesity and normal weight individuals.

The aim of this study was to cross-sectionally investigate the relationships between obesity and spinal posture as well as mobility by comparing the spinal parameters between adults with obesity and normal-weight individuals. The spinal parameters were measured in 71 adults with obesity and 142 normal-weight individuals using a radiation-free back scan, the Idiag M360. Differences in spinal posture and movements between the two groups were determined using a two-way analysis of variance.

Modeling tumor size dynamics based on real-world electronic health records and image data in advanced melanoma patients receiving immunotherapy.

The development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has revolutionized cancer therapy but only a fraction of patients benefits from this therapy. Model-informed drug development can be used to assess prognostic and predictive clinical factors or biomarkers associated with treatment response. Most pharmacometric models have thus far been developed using data from randomized clinical trials, and further studies are needed to translate their findings into the real-world setting.

Semiautomated Pipeline to Quantify Tumor Evolution From Real-World Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography Imaging.

Purpose: A semiautomated pipeline for the collection and curation of free-text and imaging real-world data (RWD) was developed to quantify cancer treatment outcomes in large-scale retrospective real-world studies. The objectives of this article are to illustrate the challenges of RWD extraction, to demonstrate approaches for quality assurance, and to showcase the potential of RWD for precision oncology.

Methods: We collected data from patients with advanced melanoma receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors at the Lausanne University Hospital.

Interactive process mining of cancer treatment sequences with melanoma real-world data.

The growing availability of clinical real-world data (RWD) represents a formidable opportunity to complement evidence from randomized clinical trials and observe how oncological treatments perform in real-life conditions. In particular, RWD can provide insights on questions for which no clinical trials exist, such as comparing outcomes from different sequences of treatments. To this end, process mining is a particularly suitable methodology for analyzing different treatment paths and their associated outcomes.

Respiratory Muscle Interval Training Improves Exercise Capacity in Obese Adolescents during a 3-Week In-Hospital Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether a novel approach of interval training targeted to the respiratory muscles (RMIT; normocapnic hyperpnea with resistance) in addition to a multidisciplinary in-hospital body weight reduction program (BWRP) was able to improve the integrative response to exercise in young patients with obesity. Nine male patients (17.9 ± 4.

Differences in spinal posture and mobility between children/adolescents with obesity and age-matched normal-weight individuals.

The aim of this study was to cross-sectionally explore the association of obesity with spinal posture and mobility, commonly associated with musculoskeletal problems, by comparing the spinal parameters between 90 obese and 109 normal-weight children and adolescents. A non-invasive electromechanical device, the Idiag M360 (Idiag, Fehraltorf, Switzerland), was used to measure the spinal parameters. An age-and-sex-adjusted two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine postural and mobility differences between the two groups.

Corrigendum: Effects of a 3-week inpatient multidisciplinary body weight reduction program on body composition and physical capabilities in adolescents and adults with obesity.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.

Changes in the Oswestry Disability Index after a 3-Week In-Patient Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program in Adults with Obesity.

The aim of this study was to examine the short-term changes in disability after an inpatient, multidisciplinary body weight reduction program (BWRP) in adults with obesity. A total of 160 individuals (males: 52, females: 108, BMI > 35 kg/m2) hospitalized for a 3-week multidisciplinary BWRP were recruited into the study. Body composition, lower limb muscle power, fatigue severity, and disability were measured at the beginning and end of the intervention by means of bioimpedance analysis, a stair climbing test (SCT), the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), and the Oswestry disability index (ODI), respectively.

[Management of brain metastases in 2022].

Brain metastases (BM) are a common occurrence of systemic cancers. Technical improvements in neuroimaging offer additional tools for an early detection of BM, to target them precisely and differentiate these lesions from other cerebral pathologies. The therapeutic tools have also evolved from neurosurgery and whole brain therapy to include stereotactic radiosurgery, targeted and immune therapies.

Effects of a 3-Week Inpatient Multidisciplinary Body Weight Reduction Program on Body Composition and Physical Capabilities in Adolescents and Adults With Obesity.

Background: The aim of the present study was to examine the short-term changes in body composition and physical capabilities in subjects with obesity during a multidisciplinary inpatient body weight reduction program (BWRP).

Methods: One hundred thirty-nine adolescents (56 boys and 83 girls; BMI: 37.1 ± 6.

Progressive Depletion of B and T Lymphocytes in Patients with Ataxia Telangiectasia: Results of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network.

Ataxia telangiectasia (AT) is a rare neurodegenerative genetic disorder due to bi-allelic mutations in the Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) gene. The aim of this paper is to better define the immunological profile over time, the clinical immune-related manifestations at diagnosis and during follow-up, and to attempt a genotype-phenotype correlation of an Italian cohort of AT patients. Retrospective data of 69 AT patients diagnosed between December 1984 and November 2019 were collected from the database of the Italian Primary Immunodeficiency Network.

Acute Effects of Whole-Body Vibration Exercises at 2 Different Frequencies Versus an Aerobic Exercise on Some Cardiovascular, Neuromotor and Musculoskeletal Parameters in Adult Patients With Obesity.

Whole-body vibration exercise (WBVE), a nonimpact, viable and safe type of exercise, has been reported to be useful in the physical rehabilitation of obesity. Aim of the study was to compare the acute effects of WBVE with a session of walking and running (AER) on cardiovascular, neuromotor and musculoskeletal parameters in obese subjects. Sixteen adult obese subjects performed 3 tests (WBVE at 30 and 45 Hz, AER) randomly in different days.

Obese Patients Decrease Work Rate in Order to Keep a Constant Target Heart Rate.

Purpose: "Slow components" of heart rate (HR) kinetics, occurring also during moderate-intensity constant work rate exercise, represent a problem for exercise prescription at fixed HR values. This problem, described in young healthy subjects, could be more pronounced in obese patients.

Methods: Sixteen male obese patients (age, 22 ± 7 yr; body mass, 127 ± 19 kg; body mass index, 41.

Acute respiratory muscle unloading improves time-to-exhaustion during moderate- and heavy-intensity cycling in obese adolescent males.

Obesity significantly impairs breathing during exercise. The aim was to determine, in male obese adolescents (OB), the effects of acute respiratory muscle unloading, obtained by switching the inspired gas from ambient air (AIR) to a normoxic helium + oxygen gas mixture (HeO) (AIR → HeO) during moderate [below gas exchange threshold (GET)] and heavy [above GET] constant work rate cycling. Ten OB [age 16.