Use of Muller's maneuver in the evaluation of patients with sleep apnea--literature review.

Unlabelled: Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome was described twenty years ago, and since then there have been doubts and controversies regarding it. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy with Muller's maneuver, first described by Borowieck and Sassin (1983), is among them.

Aim: Careful literature review on Muller's maneuver, regarding whether it can predict the sucess of uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, location of upper airway obstruction and severity of the disorder.

Polisomnographic findings on children with laryngopathies.

Unlabelled: Polysomnography is the goldstandard exam for child OSAS. When possible, polysomnography clearly distinguishes between those with isolated primary snoring and patients with sleep apnea (obstructive, central and mixed). The most common cause of OSAS in childhood is adenotonsillar hypertrophy.

Paradoxical sleep deprivation potentiates amphetamine-induced behavioural sensitization by increasing its conditioned component.

The effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation (PSD-48 h) on the conditioned and unconditioned components of behavioural sensitization to amphetamine (two injections of 2.0 mg/kg, separated by 7 days) were studied using locomotion frequency of mice observed in an open-field as experimental parameter. Behavioural sensitization only occurred in PS deprived mice that were exposed to the open-field after the first amphetamine injection.