Optimization of the cultivation conditions for mushroom production with European wild strains of Agaricus subrufescens and Brazilian cultivars.

Background: The almond mushroom Agaricus subrufescens (formerly Agaricus blazei or Agaricus brasiliensis) is cultivated at commercial level in Brazil and some Asian countries on local substrates and casing mixtures. Despite its tropical origin, A. subrufescens might be a seasonal option for mushroom growers in western countries, where some wild strains have been isolated.

Potential of European wild strains of Agaricus subrufescens for productivity and quality on wheat straw based compost.

The Brazilian almond mushroom is currently cultivated for its medicinal properties but cultivars are suspected all to have a common origin. The objective of this work was to assess the potential of wild isolates of Agaricus subrufescens Peck (Agaricus blazei, Agaricus brasiliensis) as a source of new traits to improve the mushroom yield and quality for developing new cultures under European growing conditions. The wild European strains analysed showed a good ability to be commercially cultivated on wheat straw and horse manure based compost: shorter time to fruiting, higher yield, similar antioxidant activities when compared to cultivars.

Diversity in the ability of Agaricus bisporus wild isolates to fruit at high temperature (25°C).

The button mushroom Agaricus bisporus commercially cultivated requires 16-19 °C during the fruiting period. Wild strains are also present in natural habitat, and in light of their wide range of geographic distribution reported, from boreal region to tropical region, questions on the development adaptation to temperature arose. Isolates from various geographic areas were screened for their ability to fruit at higher temperature (FHT ability) than commercial cultivars.

The medicinal Agaricus mushroom cultivated in Brazil: biology, cultivation and non-medicinal valorisation.

Sun mushroom is a cultivated mushroom extensively studied for its medicinal properties for several years and literature abounds on the topic. Besides, agronomical aspects were investigated in Brazil, the country the mushroom comes from, and some studies focus on the biology of the fungus. This review aimed to present an overview of the non-medicinal knowledge on the mushroom.

Chemical characterization of the biomass of an edible medicinal mushroom, Agaricus subrufescens, via solid-state 13C NMR.

The biomass of 18 strains of Agaricus subrufescens and of 13 strains of Agaricus bisporus was chemically analyzed using solid-state (13)C NMR. The study focused on polysaccharides because they can play a major role as antitumor molecules. The study also examined whether biomass chemical properties varied between the vegetative mycelium and the fruiting bodies of A.

Quantitative genetics to dissect the fungal-fungal interaction between Lecanicillium verticillium and the white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus.

Lecanicillium fungicola (formerly Verticillium fungicola) is responsible for dry bubble disease in the white button mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Selection for resistance to this pathogen raises an important challenge for mushroom breeders. We have investigated the inheritance of resistance to dry bubble under artificial inoculation in three independent experiments, using a progeny of 89 hybrids derived from an intervarietal A.

Production of edible mushrooms in forests: trends in development of a mycosilviculture.

Developing the production of ectomycorrhizal (ECM) mushrooms in forest has become a challenge. Only a few ECM species are currently cultivable. Controlled mycorrhization practices offer promising advance to produce currently uncultivable ECM mushrooms.

Microbially induced diseases of Agaricus bisporus: biochemical mechanisms and impact on commercial mushroom production.

The button mushroom, Agaricus bisporus (Lange) Imbach, the most common cultivated mushroom, is susceptible to a wide range of virus, bacterial, and fungal diseases. However, only some diseases were studied for the mechanisms involved in the host-microorganism interaction. This review deals with biochemical mechanisms related to cavity disease (Burkholderia gladioli) and to the interaction between A.

Expression of phenol oxidase and heat-shock genes during the development of Agaricus bisporus fruiting bodies, healthy and infected by Lecanicillium fungicola.

The fungal pathogen Lecanicillium fungicola (formerly Verticillium fungicola) is responsible for severe losses worldwide in the mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) industry. Infected crops are characterised by masses of undifferentiated tissue (bubbles) growing in place of sporophores. The expression of three laccase genes (lcc1, lcc2 and lcc3), two tyrosinase genes (AbPPO1 and AbPPO2) and the hspA gene encoding a heat-shock protein known to be potentially associated with host-pathogen interaction was investigated in mycelial aggregates and during the development of healthy sporophores and bubbles of a susceptible cultivar.

Effect of the fungal pathogen Verticillium fungicola on fruiting initiation of its host, Agaricus bisporus.

Dry bubble disease caused by the fungal pathogen Verticillium fungicola is responsible for large losses to the mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) industry. The pathogen induces various symptoms on the host, bubbles (undifferentiated spherical masses), bent and/or split stipes (blowout) and spotty caps. Inoculation of A.

Molecular and physiological diversity among Verticillium fungicola var. fungicola.

The genetic and physiological variability of Verticillium fungicola var. aleophilum responsible for Agaricus bisporus dry bubble disease in North America is well documented but little is known about the var. fungicola affecting European crops.

Hydrogen peroxide concentrations detected in Agaricus bisporus sporocarps and relation with their susceptibility to the pathogen Verticillium fungicola.

A dry bubble is an undifferentiated structure that forms in place of mushrooms when cultures of Agaricus bisporus are contaminated by Verticillium fungicola. Hydrogen peroxide concentrations were measured in lyophilised samples of bubbles and healthy sporocarps from cultures of genetically related strains of A. bisporus.

Verticillium fungicola var. fungicola affects Agaricus bisporus cultivation in Mexico.

Verticillium fungicola is responsible for dry bubble disease of the button mushroom Agaricus bisporus. Investigations performed in 2001 showed that mushroom cultures were affected by V. fungicola var.