Predominant Polarity for Enhanced Phenotyping and Personalized Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Narrative Review on Recent Findings.

Purpose Of Review: This paper explores Predominant Polarity (PP) in Bipolar Disorder (BD), defined as the predominance of either manic or depressive episodes over a patient's course of illness. We examine its clinical relevance, neurobiological foundations, and potential for guiding personalized treatment strategies. The review seeks to determine whether PP is a reliable course specifier and how it can be utilized to improve clinical outcomes.

Neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning profiles in bipolar disorder and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are chronic psychiatric conditions with significant impacts on neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning. Co-occurrence of BD and ADHD (BD-ADHD) presents unique clinical challenges and could exacerbate cognitive and functional impairments. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to provide an updated synthesis of the differences in neurocognitive and psychosocial functioning between patients with BD-ADHD, BD, ADHD, and healthy controls (HC).

Impact of Bipolar Disorder Increased White Matter Hyperintensities on White Matter Connectivity.

Background: Individuals with bipolar disorder have been reported to have increased white matter hyperintensities (WMH) in fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) magnetic resonance scans. However, it is unknown whether this WMH increase has any impact on white matter connectivity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of the bipolar disorder-related WMH increase on white matter tracts and networks.

Atypical depression and emotion dysregulation: Clinical and psychopathological features.

Background: Most atypical depression (AD) cases endorse prominent mood reactivity, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity, resembling some of the characteristics of emotional dysregulation (ED). The present study assesses the frequency and clinical features of different levels of ED in AD vs. non-AD(AD) cases.

Contrasting genetic burden for bipolar disorder: Early onset versus late onset in an older adult bipolar disorder sample.

Older Adults with Bipolar Disorder (OABD) represent a heterogeneous group, including those with early and late onset of the disorder. Recent evidence shows both groups have distinct clinical, cognitive, and medical features, tied to different neurobiological profiles. This study explored the link between polygenic risk scores (PRS) for bipolar disorder (PRS-BD), schizophrenia (PRS-SCZ), and major depressive disorder (PRS-MDD) with age of onset in OABD.

Mental health during the 2022 Russo-Ukrainian War: A scoping review and unmet needs.

Introduction: The Russo-Ukrainian War (RUW) poses a significant mental health burden, warranting a scoping review of the evidence to shed light on the unmet needs.

Methods: MEDLINE/PubMed and EMBASE databases were inquired from inception until September 1st, 2023, to address the following a-priori-formulated questions: i) "Which psychiatric population has been assessed? How did the conflict affect the functioning of people with established mental health conditions (e.g.

Efficacy and acceptability of pharmacological interventions for tardive dyskinesia in people with schizophrenia or mood disorders: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Tardive Dyskinesia (TD) can occur in people exposed to dopamine receptor antagonists (DRAs). Its clinical management remains challenging. We conducted a systematic review/random-effects network meta-analysis (NMA) searching PubMed/MEDLINE/PsycINFO/ClinicalTrials.

Atlas of Gray Matter Volume Differences Across Psychiatric Conditions: A Systematic Review With a Novel Meta-Analysis That Considers Co-Occurring Disorders.

Background: Regional gray matter volume (GMV) differences between individuals with mental disorders and comparison participants may be confounded by co-occurring disorders. To disentangle disorder-specific GMV correlates, we conducted a large-scale multidisorder meta-analysis using a novel approach that explicitly models co-occurring disorders.

Methods: We systematically reviewed voxel-based morphometry studies indexed in PubMed and Scopus up to January 2023 that compared adults with major mental disorders (anorexia nervosa, schizophrenia spectrum, anxiety, bipolar, major depressive, obsessive-compulsive, and posttraumatic stress disorders plus attention-deficit/hyperactivity, autism spectrum, and borderline personality disorders) with comparison participants.

Obstetric complications and psychopathology in schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Schizophrenia (SZ) is a severe mental health condition involving gene-environment interactions, with obstetric complications (OCs) conferring an elevated risk for the disease. Current research suggests that OCs may exacerbate SZ symptoms. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate differences in psychopathology between individuals with and without exposure to OCs in relation to SZ and related disorders.

Prediction of medical admissions after psychiatric inpatient hospitalization in bipolar disorder: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Bipolar Disorder (BD) is a severe mental illness associated with high rates of general medical comorbidity, reduced life expectancy, and premature mortality. Although BD has been associated with high medical hospitalization, the factors that contribute to this risk remain largely unexplored. We used baseline medical and psychiatric records to develop a supervised machine learning model to predict general medical admissions after discharge from psychiatric hospitalization.

Automated Speech Analysis in Bipolar Disorder: The CALIBER Study Protocol and Preliminary Results.

: Bipolar disorder (BD) involves significant mood and energy shifts reflected in speech patterns. Detecting these patterns is crucial for diagnosis and monitoring, currently assessed subjectively. Advances in natural language processing offer opportunities to objectively analyze them.

Effects of antipsychotic treatment on cardio-cerebrovascular related mortality in schizophrenia: A subanalysis of a systematic review and meta-analysis with meta-regression of moderators.

To further explore the role of different antipsychotic treatments for cardio-cerebrovascular mortality, we performed several subgroup, sensitivity and meta-regression analyses based on a large previous meta-analysis focusing on cohort studies assessing mortality relative risk (RR) for cardio-cerebrovascular disorders in people with schizophrenia, comparing antipsychotic treatment versus no antipsychotic. Quality assessment through the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) and publication bias was measured. We meta-analyzed 53 different studies (schizophrenia patients: n = 2,513,359; controls: n = 360,504,484) to highlight the differential effects of antipsychotic treatment regimens on cardio-cerebrovascular-related mortality in incident and prevalent samples of patients with schizophrenia.

Identifying digital biomarkers of illness activity and treatment response in bipolar disorder with a novel wearable device (TIMEBASE): protocol for a pragmatic observational clinical study.

Background: Bipolar disorder is highly prevalent and consists of biphasic recurrent mood episodes of mania and depression, which translate into altered mood, sleep and activity alongside their physiological expressions.

Aims: The IdenTifying dIgital bioMarkers of illnEss activity and treatment response in BipolAr diSordEr with a novel wearable device (TIMEBASE) project aims to identify digital biomarkers of illness activity and treatment response in bipolar disorder.

Method: We designed a longitudinal observational study including 84 individuals.

Nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals in the treatment of schizophrenia: a systematic review and network meta-analysis "Nutra NMA SCZ".

Sub-optimal response in schizophrenia is frequent, warranting augmentation strategies over treatment-as-usual (TAU). We assessed nutraceuticals/phytoceutical augmentation strategies via network meta-analysis. Randomized controlled trials in schizophrenia/schizoaffective disorder were identified via the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.

Cognitive reserve and cognition in mood disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Cognitive functioning heterogeneity is a well-recognized phenomenon in individuals diagnosed with mood disorders. Cognitive Reserve (CR) has been linked to multiple positive outcomes, including cognitive performance in these patients. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationship between CR and cognitive functioning in individuals with mood disorders, including bipolar disorder and depressive disorders.

Sleep-wake variations of electrodermal activity in bipolar disorder.

Background: Affective states influence the sympathetic nervous system, inducing variations in electrodermal activity (EDA), however, EDA association with bipolar disorder (BD) remains uncertain in real-world settings due to confounders like physical activity and temperature. We analysed EDA separately during sleep and wakefulness due to varying confounders and potential differences in mood state discrimination capacities.

Methods: We monitored EDA from 102 participants with BD including 35 manic, 29 depressive, 38 euthymic patients, and 38 healthy controls (HC), for 48 h.