All-cause, cardiovascular disease and cancer mortality in the population of a large Italian area contaminated by perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (1980-2018).

Background: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are associated with many adverse health conditions. Among the main effects is carcinogenicity in humans, which deserves to be further clarified. An evident association has been reported for kidney cancer and testicular cancer.

Adipocyte signaling affects thyroid-specific gene expression via down-regulation of TTF-2/FOXE1.

Obesity affects thyroid gland function. Hypothyroidism, thyroid nodules, goiter, and thyroid cancer are more frequent in patients with higher BMI values. Although these data are supported by many clinical and epidemiological studies, our knowledge is very scarce at the molecular level.

[Perfluoroalchilic food contamination in the PFAS high-risk area of the Veneto Region (Northern Italy)].

In a wide area among the provinces of Vicenza, Verona, and Padua (Veneto Region, Northern Italy), one of the larger known massive contamination of the environment by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) occurred since the year 1965. The most important source of human exposure was through aquiferous and contaminated water supplies (the regional authorities distinguished red zone A - aquiferous - and red zone B - water supply) for a total of slightly less than two hundred thousand exposed people. Food contamination and food contribution to total human exposure were assessed by a food monitoring campaign on the years 2016-2017 by the National Health Institute sponsored by Veneto Region.

TTF-1/Nkx2.1 functional connection with mutated EGFR relies on LRIG1 and β-catenin pathways in lung cancer cells.

In non-small lung cancer, the expression of the transcription factor TTF-1/Nkx2.1 correlates with the presence of EGFR mutations, therefore TTF-1/Nkx2.1 expression is used to optimize an EGFR testing strategy and to guide clinical treatment.

Analysis of random PCR-originated mutants of the yeast Ste2 and Ste3 receptors.

The G protein-coupled receptors Ste2 and Ste3 bind α- and a-factor, respectively, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. These receptors share a similar conformation, with seven transmembrane segments, three intracellular loops, a C-terminus tail, and three extracellular loops. However, the amino acid sequences of these two receptors bear no resemblance to each other.

Functional characterization of two novel mutations in TTF-1/NKX2.1 homeodomain in patients with benign hereditary chorea.

The thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1) is encoded, on chromosome 14q13, by the gene termed TITF-1/NKX2.1. Mutations in this gene have been associated with chorea, hypothyroidism, and lung disease, all included in the "brain-thyroid-lung syndrome.

Yeast pheromone receptor genes STE2 and STE3 are differently regulated at the transcription and polyadenylation level.

The orderly expression of specific genes is the basis for cell differentiation. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has two haploid mating types, a and α cells, in which the mating-specific genes are differentially expressed. When a and α cells are committed to mate, their growth is arrested.

Splicing of mRNA mediated by tRNA sequences in mouse cells.

tRNA splicing is essential for the formation of tRNAs and therefore for gene expression. A circularly permuted sequence of an amber-suppressor pre-tRNA gene was inserted into the sequence encoding the mouse NEMO protein. We demonstrated that, in mouse cells, the hybrid pre-tRNA/pre-mRNAs can be spliced precisely at the sites of the pre-tRNA intron.

Exonucleolytic degradation of double-stranded RNA by an activity in Xenopus laevis germinal vesicles.

We have identified, in extracts from Xenopus laevis germinal vesicles, a 5' exonuclease activity that cleaves double-stranded RNA (dsRNA). Features of the 5' ends of dsRNAs determine whether the strands are symmetrically or asymmetrically degraded. The activity hydrolyzes in the 5' to 3' direction, releasing 5'-mononucleotides processively, favoring strands with 5'-monophosphate termini; molecules with capped ends are resistant to digestion.