Association of protein-energy partitioning with body weight and body composition changes in adolescents with severe obesity.

Background/objectives: Body composition and protein-energy partitioning changes are important factors of body weight regulation, but have not been studied in the context of clinical obesity treatment setting. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the pattern of body weight loss, body composition, and energy partitioning changes during a 9-month multidisciplinary weight loss program and 4-month follow up and to test the associations among these changes in adolescents with severe obesity.

Subjects/methods: Twenty-five adolescents (14.

Energy cost of walking and body composition changes during a 9-month multidisciplinary weight reduction program and 4-month follow-up in adolescents with obesity.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate changes in the energy cost of locomotion during walking (Cw) related to changes in body mass (BM, kg) and body composition in adolescents with obesity. Twenty-six (12 boys and 14 girls) obese adolescents (mean: body mass index, 33.6 ± 3.

Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer: influence of care structures' characteristics on a controversial clinical practice.

Background: Adjuvant chemotherapy for stage II colon cancer is a controversial practice and is not recommended by the French Consensus Conference outside of therapeutic trial.

Objective: To assess, within a well-defined population, the influence of hospital characteristics in this practice.

Patients And Methods: In the Rhône-Alpes region (10% of the French population), 534 patients presenting with colon cancer stage II were operated on in 81 hospitals in the year 2000.

Contributing factors and variability of energy expenditure in non-obese, obese, and post-obese adolescents.

Energy expenditure (EE) is a major determinant of energy balance and body composition. The objectives of this paper were to review the contributing factors of the main components of daily EE (DEE) and the inter-individual variability in these components in non-obese (NOb), obese (Ob), and post-obese (POb) adolescents. Body composition especially fat-free mass (FFM), is the major determinant of the basal metabolic rate which contributes 50-70% of DEE, whereas fat mass (FM) is a significant factor only in obese subjects.

Estimating relative physical workload using heart rate monitoring: a validation by whole-body indirect calorimetry.

Measuring physical workload in occupational medicine is fundamental for risk prevention. An indirect measurement of total and relative energy expenditure (EE) from heart rate (HR) is widely used but it has never been validated. The aim of this study was to validate this HR-estimated energy expenditure (HREEE) method against whole-body indirect calorimetry.

A weight reduction program preserves fat-free mass but not metabolic rate in obese adolescents.

Objective: To determine the effects of a multidisciplinary weight reduction program on body composition and energy expenditure (EE) in severely obese adolescents.

Research Methods And Procedures: Twenty-six severely obese adolescents, 12 to 16 years old [mean BMI: 33.9 kg/m(2); 41.

Propionate supplementation did not increase whole body glucose turnover in growing lambs fed rye grass.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of propionate supplementation on whole body glucose turnover in growing lambs fed frozen rye-grass at 1.5 x maintenance using [1-13C]-glucose. Intraruminal infusion of propionate (0.

Evaluation of two foot-to-foot bioelectrical impedance analysers to assess body composition in overweight and obese adolescents.

The objective of the present study was to determine the accuracy of two foot-to-foot (FF) bioelectrical impedance analysers (BIA) to assess body composition in overweight and obese adolescents, compared with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and hand-to-foot (HF) BIA. Body composition was assessed in fifty-three overweight or obese adolescents (BMI 27.9 (SD 4.

Assessment of energy expenditure associated with physical activities in free-living obese and nonobese adolescents.

Background: Information on activity patterns and the energy cost of activities is critically missing.

Objective: We measured the energy cost of and time devoted to various activities in obese and nonobese adolescents.

Design: Daily energy expenditure (DEE) and its main components were determined in 27 obese and 50 nonobese adolescents aged 12-16 y by using whole-body calorimetry with the same activity program and the heart rate-recording method in free-living conditions.

Prolonged daytime exercise repeated over 4 days increases sleeping heart rate and metabolic rate.

The aim of this study was to determine the influence of prolonged exercise repeated for 4 days on sleeping heart rate (SHR) and metabolic rate (SMR). Eleven young untrained men exercised at moderate intensity 5 hrs daily for 4 days, alternately on a cycle ergometer (57.0 +/- 1.

The incorporation of solubilized wheat proteins in milk replacers for veal calves: effects on growth performance and muscle oxidative capacity.

Replacement of skim milk proteins by solubilized wheat protein (SWP) in milk replacers for veal calves would contribute to the reduction in feeding costs. The occurrence of metabolic disorders has, however, been reported. Forty-two male calves received one of three treatments over 140 days: a control diet, a diet containing SWP without or with branched-chain amino acid supplementation.

Intraruminal propionate supplementation modifies hindlimb energy metabolism without changing the splanchnic release of glucose in growing lambs.

The influence of propionate supplementation on the splanchnic metabolism of energy-yielding nutrients and the supply of glucose to the hindlimb was investigated in growing lambs. Six rumen-cannulated and multicatheterized lambs (32.2 kg), fed frozen rye grass at 690 kJ metabolizable energy intake/d per kg body weight0.

Two polyol, low digestible carbohydrates improve the apparent absorption of magnesium but not of calcium in healthy young men.

The effects of nondigestible oligosaccharides including polyols on intestinal mineral absorption have been studied extensively in animal experiments, but their impact on mineral absorption in humans remains to be established. We investigated the effects of feeding two fermentable, low digestible carbohydrates, on the apparent absorption and balance of calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) in humans. Nine healthy young men were given a control diet with dextrose or polyols, low digestible, fermentable carbohydrates (LHBC, HPFL) for 32-d periods according to a 3 x 3 Latin-square design.