Prevalence of Pruritus in the Elderly with Dementia: A Multicenter Survey of Japanese Patients.

A total of 185 elderly Japanese patients with mild to severe dementia were surveyed on itch, using multiple methods of evaluation including self-evaluation of itch conducted by patients as well as evaluation of scratching behavior and scratching marks on the body surface conducted by others. As a result, 36.8% self-evaluated that they were suffering from itch, whereas 53.

Clinical Pharmacology and Safety of Trifarotene, a First-in-Class RARγ-Selective Topical Retinoid.

Trifarotene is a new drug with retinoic acid receptor activity and selectivity for retinoic acid receptor-γ. The reported studies aimed at assessing the clinical pharmacology and safety of trifarotene. The clinical pharmacology of topical trifarotene up to 100 µg/g was extensively investigated through 2 maximal usage pharmacokinetic trials (MUsT) conducted in adult (≥18 years) and pediatric patients (9-17 years) with moderate to severe acne and two studies conducted in healthy volunteers: 1 thorough QT study and 1 drug-drug interaction study with concomitantly administered oral levonorgestrel (0.

Measurement of Nocturnal Scratching in Patients with Pruritus Using a Smartwatch: Initial Clinical Studies with the Itch Tracker App.

Three clinical studies were conducted to test a newly-developed app for smartwatches, which included an algorithm to measure nocturnal scratching using acceleration data. The first study in 5 patients with atopic dermatitis demonstrated high reliability of the app for measurement of scratching compared with video monitoring (positive predictive value 90.2 ± 6.

Fixed-Combination Gels of Adapalene and Benzoyl Peroxide Provide Optimal Percutaneous Absorption Compared to Monad Formulations of These Compounds: Results from Two In Vitro Studies.

Introduction: Adapalene 0.1%/benzoyl peroxide 2.5% (0.

[How to define Alzheimer's disease].

Alzheimer's disease, which was considered to be a rare disease in subjects aged under 65 until the seventies/eighties, has become a very common disease affecting mostly older subjects. Many consider that it is important to review the meaning of the eponym "Alzheimer's disease", and a revolution, quite literally, is likely to occur. The role of vascular lesions in the onset of dementias among older subjects is widely acknowledged; considering those dementias as Alzheimer's disease may have negative consequences for patient management.

Which memory system is impaired first in Alzheimer's disease?

Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in its earliest stages becomes increasingly important as disease modifying agents are being developed. In this area of research, many clinical and neuroimaging studies focus on markers of hippocampal dysfunction. However, during the "transentorhinal stage" of AD, neurofibrillary tangles (NFT), related to tau protein pathology, develop in the anterior subhippocampal (perirhinal/entorhinal) cortex before the hippocampus.

Efficacy and safety of a new hyaluronic acid dermal filler in the treatment of severe nasolabial lines - 6-month interim results of a randomized, evaluator-blinded, intra-individual comparison study.

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers are frequently used for the correction of facial soft tissue defects.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of a novel HA filler, HA(E) (Emervel Deep), with those of HA(P) (Restylane Perlane) in the treatment of severe nasolabial folds (NLF).

Patients/methods: A split-face, randomized and evaluator-blinded comparison study.

Efficacy and safety of a new hyaluronic acid dermal filler in the treatment of moderate nasolabial folds: 6-month interim results of a randomized, evaluator-blinded, intra-individual comparison study.

Background: Hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers such as Restylane(®) are frequently used for the correction of facial soft tissue defects.

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of a novel HA filler, Emervel(®) Classic, with those of Restylane in the treatment of moderate nasolabial folds.

Methods: This was a split-face, randomized and evaluator-blinded comparison study.

Impaired visual recognition memory in amnestic mild cognitive impairment is associated with mesiotemporal metabolic changes on magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging.

In the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), neurofibrillary tangles develop in the mesial temporal lobe (MTL), first in the anterior subhippocampal (perirhinal/entorhinal) cortex and then in the hippocampal formation. This region plays a key role in visualrecognition memory (VRM). VRM has been reported to be impaired in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI).

Effects of medial temporal lobe degeneration on brain perfusion in amnestic MCI of AD type: deafferentation and functional compensation?

Purpose: Cortical atrophy is correlated with the progression of neuropathological lesions within the medial temporal lobes (MTL) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our aim was to determine which local and remote functional changes result from MTL volume loss at the predementia stage.

Methods: We studied the relationship between entorhinal and hippocampal MR volumes and whole-brain SPECT perfusion via a voxel-based correlative analysis in 19 patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment with a memory profile suggestive of early AD.

Primary and secondary care consultations in elderly demented individuals in France. Results from the Three-City Study.

Background/aims: Our purpose was to analyze consultations with primary- and secondary-care physicians by demented people and identify factors that hamper or facilitate consultation.

Methods: In total, 498 demented subjects were evaluated within the Three-City Study, a population-based cohort of individuals aged >or=65 years.Primary- and secondary-care consultations (consultation with a specialist and/or treatment with anti-dementia drugs) were assessed by a neurologist or geriatrician.

Adapalene 0.1% and benzoyl peroxide 2.5% as a fixed-dose combination gel is as well tolerated as the individual components alone in terms of cumulative irritancy.

International guidelines recommend the combination of retinoids (e.g. adapalene, tazarotene) and benzoyl peroxide for treating acne because of their complementary mechanisms of action.

Adapalene-benzoyl peroxide once-daily, fixed-dose combination gel for the treatment of acne vulgaris: a randomized, bilateral (split-face), dose-assessment study of cutaneous tolerability in healthy participants.

Combination therapy is an effective approach to simultaneously target multiple pathogenic factors of acne. International consensus guidelines recommend the use of topical retinoids and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) for acne treatment. These drugs are often prescribed as a free combination without any safety concern associated with antibiotic use.

Patterns of semantic memory impairment in Mild Cognitive Impairment.

Although the semantic memory impairment has been largely documented in Alzheimer's disease, little is known about semantic memory in the preclinical phase of the disease (Mild Cognitive Impairment). The purpose of this study was to document the nature of semantic breakdown using a battery of tests assessing different aspects of conceptual knowledge: knowledge about common objects, famous people and famous public events. Results indicate that all domains of semantic memory were impaired in MCI individuals but knowledge about famous people and famous events was affected to a greater extent than knowledge about objects.

Clobetasol propionate shampoo 0.05% in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp: results of a pilot study.

Seborrheic dermatitis (SD), a common dermatosis associating hyperseborrhea, erythema, itching, and dandruff, has frequent scalp involvement. Malassezia furfur infection seems to play an important role in the condition's etiopathology. Treatment of SD usually consists of corticosteroids or antifungals, such as ketoconazole.

Pure progressive amnesia: An atypical amnestic syndrome?

We report on M.S., an 83-year-old patient with isolated pure progressive amnesia.

The right temporal lobe variant of frontotemporal dementia: cognitive and neuroanatomical profile of three patients.

The right temporal variant of frontotemporal lobar degeneration (Rtv-FTLD) is a focal degenerative condition affecting predominantly the right temporal lobe. The aim of this study was to further characterize the profile of cognitive impairment and the neuroanatomical basis of Rtv-FTLD patients without behavioural disturbances. A group of three patients with this syndrome had a detailed neuropsychological assessment, along with Voxel-Based Morphometry (VBM) of their brain to determine location of cortical atrophy.

Short-term safety assessment of clobetasol propionate 0.05% shampoo: hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression, atrophogenicity, and ocular safety in subjects with scalp psoriasis.

Clobetasol propionate is known to be a very effective treatment for psoriasis; however, its use is limited by potent corticosteroid class related side effects such as hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis suppression and atrophogenicity. The aim of this single-center, parallel group, randomized study was to assess the HPA axis suppression potential, atrophogenicity, and ocular tolerability of clobetasol propionate shampoo in 26 patients with scalp psoriasis. Suitable subjects were treated once daily for 4 weeks with clobetasol propionate shampoo, to be rinsed off after 15 minutes or with a leave-on clobetasol propionate gel.

Recollection of vivid memories after perirhinal region stimulations: synchronization in the theta range of spatially distributed brain areas.

Electrical stimulation of the temporal cortex in patients with epilepsy sometimes elicits experiential phenomena such as recollection of vivid memories. The neurophysiological substrate of such phenomena is poorly understood. Furthermore, the relation between the site of stimulation and the type of memory elicited has only recently started to be investigated.

Preserved visual recognition memory in an amnesic patient with hippocampal lesions.

There is ongoing debate about whether performance on tests of recognition memory can remain preserved after hippocampal damage. In the present study, we report F.R.

Clobetasol propionate lotion in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque-type psoriasis.

Owing to its anti-inflammatory, antipruritic, vasoconstrictive, and immune-modulating properties, clobetasol propionate is used to treat psoriasis. This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and cosmetic acceptability of clobetasol propionate lotion compared with its vehicle and with clobetasol propionate cream in the treatment of moderate to severe plaque-type psoriasis. A total of 222 patients were treated.

The role of context in remembering familar persons: insights from semantic dementia.

Semantic dementia (SD) is a progressive condition characterized by an insidious and gradual breakdown in semantic knowledge. Patients suffering from this condition gradually lose their knowledge of objects and their attributes, concepts, famous persons, and public events. In contrast, these patients maintain a striking preservation of autobiographical memory.

The role of human left superior parietal lobule in body part localization.

Electrophysiological data in primates suggest that the superior parietal lobule integrates the position of the limbs to construct complex representations of postures. Although in humans the neural basis of these mechanisms remains largely unknown, neuropsychological studies have implicated left superior parietal regions. We devised a simple functional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm aimed at exploring this hypothesis in healthy humans.