Continuous synthesis of high-entropy alloy nanoparticles by in-flight alloying of elemental metals.

High-entropy alloy (HEA) nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit unusual combinations of functional properties. However, their scalable synthesis remains a significant challenge requiring extreme fabrication conditions. Metal salts are often employed as precursors because of their low decomposition temperatures, yet contain potential impurities.

Effects of hip implant modular neck material and assembly method on fatigue life and distraction force.

Hip implant neck fractures and adverse tissue reactions associated with fretting-corrosion damage at modular interfaces are a major source of concern. Therefore, there is an urgent clinical need to develop accurate in vitro test procedures to better understand, predict and prevent in vivo implant failures. This study aimed to simulate in vivo fatigue fracture and distraction of modular necks in an in vitro setting, and to assess the effects of neck material (Ti6Al4V vs.

In vitro assessment of strength, fatigue durability, and disassembly of Ti6Al4V and CoCrMo necks in modular total hip replacements.

Modularity in total hip replacement offers advantages with regard to biomechanical adjustments and leg lengths. Recently, modular femoral necks were introduced as an added advantage to head modularity permitting further adjustments in femoral version as well as offset and ease of revision. Currently, most necks are made of Ti6Al4V for which cases of in vivo fractures and inseparable neck-stem junctions have been reported.

Retrieval analysis and in vitro assessment of strength, durability, and distraction of a modular total hip replacement.

We investigated a commercial Co-Cr-alloy head--Ti6Al4V alloy neck and Ti6Al4V stem modular total hip replacement. We assessed the distraction forces after in vitro cycling in bovine serum, fatigue durability, fretting corrosion damage, and load bearing capacity of new implants using fatigue-corrosion, pull-off, scanning electron microscopy, fatigue and compression investigations. In addition, we studied corrosion, fretting damage, and distraction forces on retrievals.