Aberrant right subclavian artery: case report and literature review.

The aberrant right subclavian artery, also known as the arteria lusoria, is the most common aortic arch anomaly, occurring in 0.5 to 1% of the population. There is a higher prevalence in women and it is usually associated with other anatomical variations, such as the non-recurrent laryngeal nerve, present in 86.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein and ankle-brachial pressure index in patients with clinically evident peripheral arterial disease.

Objectives: To investigate whether oxidized low-density lipoprotein is a suitable predictor of peripheral arterial disease severity. The role of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis has already been investigated. Its relevance as a predictor of the appearance and worsening of coronary arterial disease is also well known.

Activated protein C attenuates acute lung injury and apoptosis in a hyperoxic animal model.

Evidence suggests that activated protein C (APC) attenuates acute lung injury (ALI) through antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of APC on ALI in adult rats exposed to hyperoxic environment. Rats were divided into control, hyperoxia, hyperoxia + APC, and APC.

Modulation of total ceramide and constituent ceramide species in the acutely and chronically hypoxic mouse heart at different ages.

Ceramide has been implicated in regulatory processes vital for cell survival under different stressors, most notably hypoxia. Little has been done to investigate the contributions of the different ceramide species to the regulation of cell survival. This study aims to highlight the patterns of variation in total ceramide and its species in the growing and hypoxic mouse heart.

Apoptosis and the activity of ceramide, Bax and Bcl-2 in the lungs of neonatal rats exposed to limited and prolonged hyperoxia.

Background: The aim of the study is to examine the effect of limited and prolonged hyperoxia on neonatal rat lung. This is done by examining the morphologic changes of apoptosis, the expression of ceramide, an important mediator of apoptosis, the expression of inflammatory mediators represented by IL-1beta and the expression of 2 proto-oncogenes that appear to modulate apoptosis (Bax and Bcl-2).

Methods: Newborn rats were placed in chambers containing room air or oxygen above 90% for 7 days.

Regulation of the sphingolipid signaling pathways in the growing and hypoxic rat heart.

Sphingolipids (SLs) have a biomodulatory role in physiological as well as pathological cardiovascular conditions. This study aims to assess the variation of SL mediators and metabolizing enzymes in the growing and hypoxic rat heart. Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a hypoxic environment at birth.

Tissue-specific ceramide response in the chronically hypoxic rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Background And Objective: Acute hypoxia is associated with apoptosis and increase in ceramide levels in various organs. To assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on ceramide accumulation in the lungs and kidneys, we utilized an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Methods: Rats were placed in a hypoxic environment at birth and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an air-tight Plexiglas chamber.

Endocrine changes in a rat model of chronic hypoxia mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Objective: The endocrine system plays an important role in the adaptation to hypoxia. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on endocrine changes in a neonatal animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were placed in a normobaric hypoxic environment at birth and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an airtight Plexiglas chamber.

Cardiac growth patterns in response to chronic hypoxia in a neonatal rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Objective: Myocardial growth during fetal life is accomplished by the proliferation of myocytes. Shortly after birth, normal myocytes largely lose their capability to replicate. The present study aims to assess the effect of persistent postnatal hypoxia on myocardial growth patterns in an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Lack of apoptosis in the hypoxic brain of a rat model mimicking cyanotic heart disease.

Objective: To assess the effect of chronic hypoxia on brain neuronal apoptosis, an animal model mimicking cyanotic heart disease was utilized.

Methods: Rats were placed in an hypoxic environment at birth and oxygen levels were maintained at 10% in an air-tight Plexiglass chamber. Controls remained in room air.