Profile of bacterial resistance in emergency wards, non-intensive care unit areas, and intensive care units in Mexican hospitals with the antimicrobial stewardship program.

Objectives: Bacterial infections are important causes of death. Some reports have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic may have had an impact on drug resistance. The objective of this work was to compare the resistance profiles between 2019 and 2020 in the emergency department, non-intensive care units (ICU), and ICU areas in Mexican hospitals.

Prevalence of Depression, Anxiety, Post-Traumatic Stress, and Insomnia Symptoms Among Frontline Healthcare Workers in a COVID-19 Hospital in Northeast Mexico.

Objective: Frontline healthcare workers (FHCWs) exposed to COVID-19 patients are at an increased risk of developing psychological burden. This study aims to determine the prevalence of mental health symptoms and associated factors among Mexican FHCWs attending COVID-19 patients.

Methods: FHCWs, including attending physicians, residents/fellows, and nurses providing care to COVID-19 patients at a private hospital in Monterrey, Mexico, were invited to answer an online survey between August 28, and November 30, 2020.

Nasopharyngeal viral load at admission is not an independent predictor of thromboembolic complications in unvaccinated COVID-19 hospitalized patients.

COVID-19 patients may develop thrombotic complications, and data regarding an association between nasopharyngeal viral load and thrombosis is scarce. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal viral load upon admission is a useful prognostic marker for the development of thromboembolic events in patients hospitalized for SARS-CoV-2 infection. We performed a retrospective study of all hospitalized patients with a positive PCR test for SARS-CoV2 who had deep vein thrombosis (DVT), pulmonary embolization (PE), or arterial thrombosis diagnosed during their clinical course in a single academic center.

Early increase of serum ferritin among COVID-19 patients is associated with need of invasive mechanical ventilation and with in-hospital death.

Background: COVID-19 may trigger an acute hyperinflammatory syndrome characterised by heightened levels of acute phase reactants and is associated with adverse outcomes among hospitalised individuals. The relationship between 48-hour changes in acute phase reactants and adverse outcomes is unclear. This study evaluated the relationship between change in four acute phase reactants (interleukin-6, procalcitonin, ferritin, and C-reactive protein), and the risk for in-hospital death and invasive mechanical ventilation.

The effect of chlorhexidine on in intensive care units.

Background And Objectives: Measures to prevent the emergence of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) include a daily bath with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG). The aim of this study was to determine the effect of patients bathing daily with CHG on the bacterial colonization on patient surfaces, environmental surrounding areas, and attending healthcare workers (HCWs).

Materials And Methods: Patients were randomized by a 1:1 in two groups.

Azithromycin effect on multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii biofilm production and composition.

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of azithromycin (AZM) on biofilm formation and composition in multidrug resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii.

Material And Methods: Ninety-six A. baumannii isolates were studied.

Efficacy and safety of the CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate in ten countries in Europe and Latin America (HERALD): a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 trial.

Background: Additional safe and efficacious vaccines are needed to control the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to analyse the efficacy and safety of the CVnCoV SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine candidate.

Methods: HERALD is a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2b/3 clinical trial conducted in 47 centres in ten countries in Europe and Latin America.

Venous Thromboembolism in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients Treated in a Single Academic Center in Mexico: A Case Series Study.

Background: The increasing prevalence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a matter of concern as it contributes significantly to patients' morbidity and mortality. Data regarding the optimal anticoagulation regimen for VTE prevention and treatment remain scarce. This study describes the characteristics, treatment, and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with VTE treated in a single academic center in Mexico.

Species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of Aspergillus isolates from clinical specimens and soil samples in Mexico.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to assess the species distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of 200 strains of Aspergillus isolated from clinical specimens (n = 146) and soil samples (n = 54) in Mexico. ITS, β-tubulin, and calmodulin DNA sequencing was performed for species identification. Broth microdilution susceptibility testing for amphotericin B, voriconazole, posaconazole, itraconazole, isavuconazole, anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin was done according to CLSI for all strains.

First case of Candida auris isolated from the bloodstream of a Mexican patient with serious gastrointestinal complications from severe endometriosis.

A 58-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe endometriosis and had multiple gastrointestinal tract complications for many years. Candida auris and C. parapsilosis were isolated from the bloodstream.

Evaluation of the expanding spectrum of sertraline against uncommon fungal pathogens.

The emergence of non-Aspergillus mold pathogens has increased notoriously in the last decades with serious health consequences. The options of treatment for these microorganisms often resistant to a wide variety of antifungals is limited. Sertraline is an antidepressant with in vitro and in vivo antifungal properties which has been recently studied as an adjuvant in the treatment of invasive infections.

Septic Pulmonary Emboli and Renal Abscess Caused by in an HIV-Infected Patient.

is a common cause of bacteremia in the general population and can lead to serious metastatic infection particularly in immunocompromised persons. However, prompt diagnosis and management can result in favorable outcomes. In the following case report, the clinical course of an HIV-infected man is presented; he developed bloodstream infection (BSI) and associated complications: septic pulmonary embolism, right renal abscess, and ipsilateral renal vein thrombosis.

Clinical evaluation of the antifungal effect of sertraline in the treatment of cryptococcal meningitis in HIV patients: a single Mexican center experience.

Purpose: Cryptococcal meningitis is a potentially fatal fungal infection associated with a significant attributable morbidity and mortality, especially among HIV/AIDS patients. The first-line therapy for the treatment of this clinical entity is the combinatory therapy of amphotericin B plus flucytosine. However, the high cost, toxic effects, and limited repertoire of effective antifungal drugs have led to the investigation of novel molecules.

Chlorhexidine whole-body washing of patients reduces methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and has a direct effect on the distribution of the ST5-MRSA-II (New York/Japan) clone.

Purpose: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonizes the skin of hospitalized patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. To prevent colonization and infection by S. aureus, better disinfection practices are required.

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae biofilm production and severity in lower respiratory tract infections in a tertiary hospital in Mexico.

Non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is a common opportunistic bacterial pathogen that primarily infects the respiratory mucosa. This study was conducted to assess clinical and microbiological data related to disease severity in patients with lower respiratory tract infections caused by NTHi in a tertiary care hospital in Mexico. NTHi isolates were subjected to serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility evaluationand analyses of β-lactamase production, genetic relatednessand biofilm formation.

An unusual case of Candida ciferrii fungemia in an immunocompromised patient with Crohn's and Mycobacterium bovis disease.

We present a case report of a fungal bloodstream infection due to an unusual pathogen. This is a 30 years-old female patient diagnosed with Crohn's disease and a disseminated Mycobacterium bovis infection subsequently complicated by fungemia due to the emergent yeast pathogen Candida ciferrii, who was unresponsive to fluconazole and made a full recovery after treatment with posaconazole. To our knowledge, this is the first report of Candida ciferrii isolation from blood in an adult associated to a central venous catheter and which was successfully treated with posaconazole.

Outbreak of parvovirus B19 infection among anesthesiology and surgical fellows.

A human parvovirus B19 outbreak was detected in personnel assigned to a surgical area (anesthesiology fellows and an otorhinolaryngology fellow) in a university hospital. The attack rate between susceptible members was higher than previous reports. Diagnosis was determined by polymerase chain reaction for human parvovirus B19 in serum of 1 subject and immunoglobulin M/immunoglobulin G antibody titer in the remaining subjects.

Activity of sertraline against Cryptococcus neoformans: in vitro and in vivo assays.

Cryptococcus neoformans infection is an important cause of meningitis in HIV/AIDS endemic regions. Antifungals for its management include amphotericin B, flucytosine, and fluconazole. Recently, treatment of this mycosis with sertraline has been studied with variable clinical outcomes.

Individual versus pooled multiple-lumen blood cultures for the diagnosis of intravascular catheter-related infections.

Background: The current gold standard method for diagnosis of central-line associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) requires central venous catheter removal and a positive culture of the CVC tip with a positive peripheral blood culture.

Study Design: Comparative study.

Methods: We compared individual blood cultures from each catheter lumen versus a pooled-blood culture bottle containing blood samples from every catheter lumen for the diagnosis of CLABSI.

Purple urine bag syndrome in end-stage chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: When faced with violet, purple or purplish-blue urine, clinicians should consider urinary tract infection in their differential diagnosis.

Case Report: A 60-year-old woman with end-stage kidney disease and non-adherence to renal replacement therapy was admitted to our hospital for placement of hemodialysis catheter. During her hospitalization she had purple urine, and purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) was diagnosed.

Influence of whole-body washing of critically ill patients with chlorhexidine on Acinetobacter baumannii isolates.

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii is 1 of the most important nosocomial pathogens and the causative agent of numerous types of infections, especially in intensive care units (ICUs). Our aim was to evaluate the effect of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) whole-body washing of ICU patients on A baumannii in a tertiary care hospital.

Methods: During the 6-month intervention period, 327 patients were subjected to whole-body bath with 2% CHG-impregnated wipes.