Editorial: Advances in Clinical Science and Practice Need Research on Implicit Bias.

Implicit racial bias is pernicious and pervasive, forming as early as infancy, and across political, economic, religious, and cultural divides. When it shapes behavior, it leaves a path of social, physical, and psychological harm in its wake. In this issue of the Journal, Malison and colleagues map the presence of implicit racial biases among psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees.

Deep learning classification of drug-related problems from pharmaceutical interventions issued by hospital clinical pharmacists during medication prescription review: a large-scale descriptive retrospective study in a French university hospital.

Objectives: Pharmaceutical interventions are proposals made by hospital clinical pharmacists to address sub-optimal uses of medications during prescription review. Pharmaceutical interventions include the identification of drug-related problems, their prevention and resolution. The objective of this study was to exploit a newly developed deep neural network classifier to identify drug-related problems from pharmaceutical interventions and perform a large retrospective descriptive analysis of them in a French university hospital over a 3-year period.

Predictive risk modeling for child maltreatment detection and enhanced decision-making: Evidence from Danish administrative data.

Child maltreatment is a widespread problem with significant costs for both victims and society. In this retrospective cohort study, we develop predictive risk models using Danish administrative data to predict removal decisions among referred children and assess the effectiveness of caseworkers in identifying children at risk of maltreatment. The study analyzes 195,639 referrals involving 102,309 children Danish Child Protection Services received from April 2016 to December 2017.

Mesenchymal-like immune-altered is the fourth robust triple-negative breast cancer molecular subtype.

Background: Robust molecular subtyping of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a prerequisite for the success of precision medicine. Today, there is a clear consensus on three TNBC molecular subtypes: luminal androgen receptor (LAR), basal-like immune-activated (BLIA), and basal-like immune-suppressed (BLIS). However, the debate about the robustness of other subtypes is still open.

Kernel-based testing for single-cell differential analysis.

Single-cell technologies offer insights into molecular feature distributions, but comparing them poses challenges. We propose a kernel-testing framework for non-linear cell-wise distribution comparison, analyzing gene expression and epigenomic modifications. Our method allows feature-wise and global transcriptome/epigenome comparisons, revealing cell population heterogeneities.

Clinical risk assessment of modelled situations in a pharmaceutical decision support system: a modified e-Delphi exploratory study.

Background: Pharmaceutical decision support systems (PDSSs) use reasoning software to match patient data to modelled situations likely to cause drug-related problems (DRPs) or adverse drug events. To aid decision-making, modelled situations must be linked to well-defined systemic clinical risks.

Aim: To obtain expert consensus on the level of clinical risk for patients associated with each modelled situation that could be addressed using a PDSS.

Steric Modulation of CAACs Controls Orientation and Ethenolysis Performance.

In this issue of , Sytniczuk, Kajetanowicz, and Grela report sterically tuned Cyclic(Alkyl)(Amino)Carbene (CAAC) ligands to protect the requisite Ru-methylidene ([Ru]=CH) intermediate present during ethenolysis of renewable fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). Surprising structural characteristics of the Ru-CAAC complexes resulted in TON up to 740,000 and sub-ppm catalyst loadings.

Safety and efficacy of colchicine in crystal-induced arthritis flare in 54 patients with severe chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: Colchicine, commonly used in gout flare, is contraindicated in severe chronic kidney disease (CKD) (estimated glomerular filtration rate <30 mL/min). However, in this context, there are few alternatives, and colchicine use persists. We evaluated the tolerance of colchicine and its efficacy in patients with severe CKD.

Deep learning application to automated classification of recommendations made by hospital pharmacists during medication prescription review.

Purpose: Recommendations to improve therapeutics are proposals made by pharmacists during the prescription review process to address suboptimal use of medicines. Recommendations are generated daily as text documents but are rarely reused beyond their primary use to alert prescribers and caregivers. If recommendation data were easier to summarize, they could be used retrospectively to improve safeguards for better prescribing.

Using machine learning or deep learning models in a hospital setting to detect inappropriate prescriptions: a systematic review.

Objectives: The emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) is catching the interest of hospital pharmacists. A massive collection of health data is now available to train AI models and hold the promise of disrupting codes and practices. The objective of this systematic review was to examine the state of the art of machine learning or deep learning models that detect inappropriate hospital medication orders.

Abnormal gait pattern in downhill hiking is related to muscular deficits of the knee flexors and extensors in active patients with total knee arthroplasty.

Background: To assess the in-field walking mechanics during downhill hiking of patients with total knee arthroplasty five to 14 months after surgery and an age-matched healthy control group and relate them to the knee flexor and extensor muscle strength.

Methods: Participants walked on a predetermined hiking trail at a self-selected, comfortable pace wearing an inertial sensor system for recording the whole-body 3D kinematics. Sagittal plane hip, knee, and ankle joint angles were evaluated over the gait cycle at level walking and two different negative slopes.

Red-shifted activity-based sensors for ethylene direct conjugation of fluorophore to metal-carbene.

A number of Activity-Based Sensors (ABS) for relatively unreactive small molecules, such as ethylene, necessitates a transition metal for reaction under ambient conditions. Olefin metathesis has emerged as one of the primary strategies to achieve ethylene detection, and other transition metals are used for similarly challenging-to-detect analytes. However, limited studies exist investigating how fluorophore-metal attachment impacts photophysical properties of such ABS.

Detection of Ethylene with Defined Metal Complexes: Strategies and Recent Advances.

Despite its relative simplicity, ethylene is an interesting molecule with wide-ranging impact in modern chemistry and biology. Stemming from ethylene's role as a critical plant hormone, there has been significant effort to develop selective and sensitive molecular sensors for ethylene. Late transition metal complexes have played an important role in detection strategies due to ethylene's lack of structural complexity and limited reactivity.

Predictive factors of return-to-work trajectory after work-related rotator cuff syndrome: A prospective study of 96 workers.

Objective: Sustained return to work after surgery for work-related rotator cuff syndrome (WRRCS) remains quite difficult. The main purpose of the present study was to identify predictive factors of a return-to-work (RTW) trajectory.

Methods: A total of 96 workers with WRRCS were identified by 4 surgeons.

Effect of Ocrelizumab on B- and T-Cell Receptor Repertoire Diversity in Patients With Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis From the Randomized Phase III OPERA Trial.

Background And Objectives: The B cell-depleting anti-CD20 antibody ocrelizumab (OCR) effectively reduces MS disease activity and slows disability progression. Given the role of B cells as antigen-presenting cells, the primary goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of OCR on the T-cell receptor repertoire diversity.

Methods: To examine whether OCR substantially alters the molecular diversity of the T-cell receptor repertoire, deep immune repertoire sequencing (RepSeq) of CD4 and CD8 T-cell receptor β-chain variable regions was performed on longitudinal blood samples.

Description of three new species of Myrmeleon Linnaeus, 1767 from West Africa (Neuroptera: Myrmeleontidae).

Three antlion species, Myrmeleon croceus n. sp., Myrmeleon foucarti n.

Structural and functional properties of mSWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complexes revealed through single-cell perturbation screens.

The mammalian SWI/SNF (mSWI/SNF or BAF) family of chromatin remodeling complexes play critical roles in regulating DNA accessibility and gene expression. The three final-form subcomplexes-cBAF, PBAF, and ncBAF-are distinct in biochemical componentry, chromatin targeting, and roles in disease; however, the contributions of their constituent subunits to gene expression remain incompletely defined. Here, we performed Perturb-seq-based CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screens targeting mSWI/SNF subunits individually and in select combinations, followed by single-cell RNA-seq and SHARE-seq.

Multimodal Remote Home Monitoring of Lung Transplant Recipients during COVID-19 Vaccinations: Usability Pilot Study of the COVIDA Desk Incorporating Wearable Devices.

: Remote patient monitoring (RPM) of vital signs and symptoms for lung transplant recipients (LTRs) has become increasingly relevant in many situations. Nevertheless, RPM research integrating multisensory home monitoring in LTRs is scarce. We developed a novel multisensory home monitoring device and tested it in the context of COVID-19 vaccinations.

Decolonising global health evaluation: Synthesis from a scoping review.

As decolonisation awareness and activism amplifies in the mainstream masses and within academic realms across a variety of fields, the time is right to converge parallel movements to decolonise the fields of global health and evaluation by restructuring relations of dependency and domination reified through the "foreign gaze"1 or "white gaze." We conducted a review of relevant records with the following inclusion criteria-they define or advocate for the decolonisation of global health evaluation or explicate methods, policies or interventions to decolonise global health evaluation published by advocates of the decolonisation movement from both fields. These records were derived following a systematic article search by the lead autthor on Google, Google Scholar, NewsBank, and PubMed using the following keywords: "decolonising" and "global health," "evaluation," or "global health evaluation" replicating a digital search strategy utilized by scoping reviews across a variety of topics.

Do proton pump inhibitors alter the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients? A meta-analysis.

Introduction: Gut microbiota can significantly affect the effectiveness of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer patients. Recently, antibiotics were shown to decrease survival rate of patients treated by ICIs. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) can indeed modulate microbiota's diversity, therefore altering ICIs response.

Access to Substituted Indenol Ethers via a Regioselective Intermolecular Carbopalladation Cascade.

Alkyne carbopalladation reactions can rapidly generate multiple new C-C bonds; however, regioselectivity is challenging for intermolecular variants. Using ynol ethers, we observe complete regiocontrol of migratory insertion followed by a second migratory insertion with a pendant alkene to turn-over the catalytic cycle. The resulting products are oligosubstituted 1-indenol ethers with defined stereochemistry based on the initial alkene geometry.

Firefighter Stress Monitoring: Model Quality and Explainability.

A cognitive and physical stress co-classification effort started with acquisition of a training dataset and generation of machine learning models from 17 heart rate variability parameters. Accuracy was improved with multilayer perceptron models and tested on 85 firefighters in a cage maze. A specific platform acquired a dataset with better label accuracy providing a second model.

Impact of keel saw blade design and thickness on the incidence of tibial plateau fracture and tibial implant-loosening in cementless medial UKR.

Background: Tibial plateau fractures and tibial implant- loosening are severe complications in cementless unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR). The tibial keel preparation is particularly demanding and different saw blades can be used. It was hypothesized that different blade designs and thickness have an influence on the frequency of tibial plateau fractures and implant-loosening in cementless medial UKR.