Ultrasound as an adjunct to radiography in minor musculoskeletal pediatric trauma.

Purpose: To assess the value of ultrasound as an adjunct to radiography in minor musculoskeletal pediatric trauma.

Methods: Fifty children with 53 suspected fractures were referred for upper and/or lower limbs X-rays, followed by ultrasound. On radiography, we noted presence of fracture, of soft tissue thickening, or absence of any lesion.

Characterization of papillary projections in benign versus borderline and malignant ovarian masses on conventional and color Doppler ultrasound.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to evaluate on endovaginal ultrasound the morphologic and color Doppler characteristics of papillary projections in benign compared with borderline and malignant epithelial stromal ovarian tumors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 283 women (mean age, 52 years; age range, 20-85 years) with 343 operated adnexal masses comprising 167 epithelial stromal tumors of the ovary with 76 tumors containing papillary projections at pathology were retrospectively studied on ultrasound. We systematically evaluated the topography of the papillary projections, the morphologic features of the largest papillary projection, and the presence or absence of color Doppler findings.

History of mastectomy before and after Halsted.

The operation described by Halsted, in 1894 and called radical mastectomy, represents a milestone in the treatment of breast cancer. It consisted of removal of the breast, muscles and axillary lymph nodes. The pre-Halsted era saw attitudes ranging from the willful abstention to brutal treatments by cauterization or amputation.

The multiple ultrasound patterns of ectopic pregnancy.

Ectopic pregnancy (EP) has a variable and misleading clinical presentation contributing to the confusion with medical or other gynecological disorders. The rapid recourse to diagnostic methods, human chorionic gonadotropin (beta-hCG) titers and transvaginal ultrasonography, represents the best approach not only in the early diagnosis but also in the management and monitoring of patients with diagnosed EP. The purpose of this article is to provide a pictorial essay about EP and its multiple ultrasound (US) patterns.

Retroperitoneal lymphangioleiomyoma mimicking ovarian tumor emerging after tamoxifen therapy.

Background: Lymphangioleiomyomas are lymphatic masses that can be associated with lymphangioleiomyomatosis. They are usually associated with pulmonary involvement.

Case: A 44-year-old premenopausal woman with breast cancer treated with adjuvant tamoxifen presented with abdominal distension.

Spontaneous detorsion of the ovary: can it be diagnosed by MRI?

Purpose: To determine whether recent progress in imaging has made it possible to diagnose spontaneous detorsion, which is an accepted concept in the gynecological literature but until now has been a presumptive diagnosis that could not be confirmed because of the lack of imaging proof.

Materials And Methods: We searched for patients who had a diagnosis of spontaneous detorsion on MRI between January 2000 and January 2003, and selected only patients who met a selection of strict criteria, including mainly enlargement and hyperintensity of ovarian stroma on T2-weighted (T2W) images, clinical findings compatible with torsion and detorsion, and return of the stroma to normal size on follow-up examinations. Other signs of torsion, such as tubal thickening, were appreciated but not mandatory.

Variable MR findings in ovarian functional hemorrhagic cysts.

Purpose: To describe the magnetic resonance (MR) findings in ovarian functional hemorrhagic cysts (FHC).

Materials And Methods: A total of 21 patients with 22 FHC, proven by follow-up ultrasound (US) in 11 women and surgery in 10 women, had US and MR examinations within 24 hours. The study was limited to cysts with obvious an echogenic pattern.

Multilocular adenomatoid tumor of the ovary: ultrasonographic findings.

We report the sonographic findings of a rare benign ovarian tumor in a 69-year-old woman. Transvaginal ultrasonography showed a cystic multilocular lesion with a vascularized central solid portion of the left ovary. Surgery revealed an adenomatoid tumor.

Extraovarian cystadenomas: ultrasound and MR findings in 7 cases.

Objective: To describe the ultrasound and MR appearance of paraovarian cystadenomas.

Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the radiologic findings in 7 patients with surgically proven paraovarian cystic neoplasms, including 6 serous cystadenomas and 1 borderline seromucinous cystadenoma. All had ultrasound and 4 had MR preoperatively.

Vesicouterine fistulas: imaging findings in three cases.

Objective: The objective of our report is to present three cases of vesicouterine fistulas secondary to a cesarean delivery, a uterine rupture during labor, and radiation therapy. The delay between the onset of symptoms and the diagnosis varied between 3 and 7 years. Different techniques such as color Doppler sonography, excretory urography, cystography, CT, MRI, cystoscopy, vaginoscopy, and hysterography were performed with variable results, mostly negative and sometimes undefined.

Adnexal torsion: magnetic resonance findings in the viable adnexa with emphasis on stromal ovarian appearance.

Purpose: To evaluate ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) findings in the viable twisted adnexa.

Materials And Methods: Ten patients underwent US and MR studies before surgical detorsion. Corrected cross-sectional area of the ovary was defined as cross-sectional area minus areas of cysts and follicles superior to 1 cm.