Publications by authors named "Michalopoulos G"
: Data on the real-world effectiveness and safety of selective JAK inhibitors (JAKis) in ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are limited. : We conducted a multicentre, retrospective study to assess clinical, biochemical, and endoscopic outcomes of selective JAKis in bio-experienced UC and CD. : A total of 246 patients (mean age: 40.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) commonly affects patients of reproductive age. The effect of disease activity on the outcome of pregnancy and its impact on neonatal health are areas of intense research.
Methods: Α national retrospective study of pregnancies in women with IBD between 2010 and 2020 was carried out in 22 IBD reference centers in Greece.
Article Synopsis
- * Researchers compared two groups of patients: those who did not develop PJK or PJF and those who did, finding that patients with PJK/PJF had significantly lower muscle density and higher rates of severe sarcopenia.
- * The findings indicate that having severe sarcopenia and lower bone density increases the risk of these complications following thoracolumbar spinal fusion surgeries.
Background & Aims: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has become the most prevalent chronic liver disorder, with no approved treatment. Our previous work demonstrated the efficacy of a pan-ErbB inhibitor, Canertinib, in reducing steatosis and fibrosis in a murine fast-food diet (FFD) model of MASLD. The current study explores the effects of hepatocyte-specific ErbB1 (ie, epidermal growth factor receptor [EGFR]) deletion in the FFD model.
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- Subcutaneous formulations of infliximab (IFX) and vedolizumab (VDZ) are effective treatments for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and this study evaluated the impact of switching from intravenous to subcutaneous forms.
- The analysis included data from 231 adult patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, assessing clinical remission rates at 3, 6, and 12 months post-switch.
- Results showed that most patients remained in remission after switching, and switching early in the treatment process was associated with a lower risk of negative therapeutic outcomes.
Objective: Deficiency in patient education has been correlated with increased disease-related morbidity and decreased access to care. However, the associations between educational level, preoperative disease severity, and postoperative outcomes in patients with lumbar spondylolisthesis have yet to be explored.
Methods: The spondylolisthesis dataset of the Quality Outcomes Database (QOD)-a cohort with prospectively collected data by the SpineCORe study team of the 12 highest enrolling sites with an 81% follow-up at 5 years -was utilized and stratified for educational level.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the effectiveness of synthetic interbody spacers compared to structural bone grafts in lumbar arthrodesis for spine diseases, highlighting gaps in current clinical evidence.
- It includes a systematic review of 20 studies with over 1500 patients, showing that using interbody cages led to a greater increase in disc height and a more significant reduction in back pain.
- The findings indicate that interbody cages enhance fusion rates and suggest their importance in clinical practice for treating degenerative spine conditions.
Study Design: Retrospective observational study of consecutive patients.
Objective: The purpose of the study was to evaluate VBQ as a predictor of interbody subsidence and to determine threshold values that portend increased risk of subsidence.
Summary Of Background Data: Many risk factors have been reported for the subsidence of interbody cages in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).
The phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase delta isoform (Pik3cd), usually considered immune-specific, was unexpectedly identified as a gene potentially related to either regeneration and/or differentiation in animals lacking hepatocellular Integrin Linked Kinase (ILK). Since a specific inhibitor (Idelalisib, or CAL101) for the catalytic subunit encoded by Pik3cd (p110δ) has reported hepatotoxicity when used for treating chronic lymphocytic leukemia and other lymphomas, the authors aimed to elucidate whether there is a role for p110δ in normal liver function. To determine the effect on normal liver regeneration, partial hepatectomy (PHx) was performed using mice in which p110δ was first inhibited using CAL101.
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- The study investigates the effects of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) on clinical and radiological outcomes in cervical arthrodesis, specifically comparing cases with and without BMP use in both anterior and posterior fusions.
- A total of 20 studies with nearly 5,800 patients showed that BMP use in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) was linked to higher fusion rates and lower reoperation rates, but also a higher risk of dysphagia (difficulty swallowing).
- In contrast, for posterior cervical fusion (PCF), BMP did not significantly affect fusion or reoperation rates, but was associated with higher blood loss during surgery.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to compare outcomes between two surgical procedures—posterior foraminotomy and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF)—for patients with cervical radiculopathy, focusing on both clinical results and patient-reported outcomes (PROs).
- Researchers analyzed data from 7,805 patients, matching 216 who had posterior foraminotomy to 1,080 who had ACDF based on 29 variables.
- Results showed that while both procedures were similar in PROs, ACDF had higher patient satisfaction, shorter hospital stays were associated with posterior foraminotomy, and it also faced higher reoperation rates within a year.
Objective: Unplanned returns to the operating room (RORs) constitute an important quality metric in surgical practice. In this study, the authors present a methodology to compare a department's unplanned ROR rates with national benchmarks in the context of large-scale quality of care surveillance.
Methods: The authors identified unplanned RORs within 30 days from the initial surgery at their institution during the period 2014-2018 using an institutional documentation platform that facilitates the collection of reoperation information by providers in the clinical setting.
Background/aim: Activin A is involved in the pathogenesis of human liver diseases, but its therapeutic targeting is not fully explored. Here, we tested the effect of novel, highly specific small-molecule-based activin A antagonists (NUCC-474/555) in improving liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy and halting fibrosis progression in models of chronic liver diseases (CLDs).
Methods: Cell toxicity of antagonists was determined in rat hepatocytes and Huh-7 cells using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay.
Background: Spindle cell oncocytomas (SCO) and granular cell tumors (GCT) are rare primary pituitary neoplasms; the optimal treatment paradigms for these lesions are unknown and largely unexplored. Thus, using national registries, we analyze the epidemiology, management patterns, and surgical outcomes of SCOs and GCTs.
Methods: The National Cancer Database (NCDB; years 2003-2017) and the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER; years 2004-2018) were queried for patients with pituitary SCOs or GCTs.
Introduction: Growing adoption of endoscopic procedures in clinical practice has gradually increase the detection rate of gastric polypoid lesions.
Aim: To identify the epidemiologic characteristics of gastric polyps as well as changes of these parameters during a 15-year period.
Material And Methods: We reviewed all the upper endoscopies archived in our database reporting a polypoid lesion from 2003 to 2018.
Intrathecal delivery of autologous culture-expanded adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSC) could be utilized to treat traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). This Phase I trial (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03308565) included 10 patients with American Spinal Injury Association Impairment Scale (AIS) grade A or B at the time of injury.
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- The study investigates the use of machine learning algorithms to predict postoperative range of motion (ROM) and determine ideal implant sizes for cervical disk arthroplasty (CDA) to enhance patient outcomes.
- Data was collected from 47 patients who had CDA, with factors such as demographics, disk heights, and outcomes analyzed using various machine learning models.
- The results indicated that the highest-performing model (k-nearest neighbors) yielded an average error of 7.6° in predicting ROM, with optimal implant size identified as 110% of the normal adjacent disk height, highlighting graft size as the most critical factor influencing ROM.
Article Synopsis
- A study compared the effectiveness of tofacitinib and ustekinumab as third-line treatments for patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis (UC) who did not respond to earlier therapies (anti-TNF and vedolizumab).
- Out of 117 patients followed for about 11.6 months, 54% experienced disease progression, with ustekinumab being associated with a higher risk of progression compared to tofacitinib.
- While tofacitinib showed better results in preventing disease progression, no major differences were noted in secondary outcomes or adverse events, highlighting the need for more extensive clinical trials to validate these findings.
Objective: Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) can cause significant difficulty with driving and a subsequent reduction in an individual's quality of life due to neurological deterioration. The positive impact of surgery on postoperative patient-reported driving capabilities has been seldom explored.
Methods: The CSM module of the Quality Outcomes Database was utilized.
Objective: It is not clear whether there is an additive effect of social factors in keeping patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) from achieving both a minimum clinically important difference (MCID) in outcomes and satisfaction after surgery. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of multiple social factors on postoperative outcomes and satisfaction.
Methods: This was a multiinstitutional, retrospective study of the prospective Quality Outcomes Database (QOD) CSM cohort, which included patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with primary CSM and underwent operative management.
Objective: Along with the increasing interest in real-world evidence in neuro-oncology, the deficiencies of prior population-based and quality registries became evident. The neuro-oncological quality registries of the NeuroPoint Alliance (NPA) focus on neuro-oncological surgery and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) and aim to fill the gaps of neuro-oncological practice in quality surveillance and real-world research.
Methods: Herein, we discuss the historical background, design process, and features of the NPA SRS and Tumor QOD registries.
Objective: The aim of this study was to identify predictors of the best 24-month improvements in patients undergoing surgery for cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM). For this purpose, the authors leveraged a large prospective cohort of surgically treated patients with CSM to identify factors predicting the best outcomes for disability, quality of life, and functional status following surgery.
Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data.