The contribution of energy systems during 15-second sprint exercise in athletes of different sports specializations.

Background: Long-term adaptations and ongoing training seem to modify the energy system contribution in highly trained individuals. We aimed to compare the energy metabolism profile during sprint exercise in athletes of different specialties.

Methods: Endurance ( = 17, 20.

Impact of a Fruit-Vegetable Preparation Fortified with Potato Starch Resistant Dextrin on Selected Health Indicators in Overweight Children.

Developing modified dietary fibers that maintain prebiotic benefits without significantly affecting meal taste is of high importance in the midst of the obesity pandemic. These benefits include regulating the composition of gut microbiota, increasing feelings of fullness, and improving human metabolic parameters. This study investigated the use of a resistant dextrin (RD) derived from potato starch, which possesses prebiotic properties, as a potential additive in vegetable-fruit preparations that aid weight loss and improve health markers in overweight children.

Comparison of the Activity of Fecal Enzymes and Concentration of SCFA in Healthy and Overweight Children.

In modern societies obesity has become a serious issue which must be urgently addressed. The health implications of neglected obesity are substantial, as not only does it affect individuals' everyday lives, but it also leads to significantly increased mortality due to the development of several disorders such as type-2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancers, and depression. The objective of this research was to investigate the alterations in selected health markers caused by overweight and obesity in children.

Effects of Resistant Dextrin from Potato Starch on the Growth Dynamics of Selected Co-Cultured Strains of Gastrointestinal Bacteria and the Activity of Fecal Enzymes.

Preparations of resistant dextrins have become an interesting topic of research due to their properties, which bear resemblance those of prebiotics, e.g., the improvement of metabolic parameters, increased efficiency of the immune system and induction of vitamin production.

Efficiency of Resistant Starch and Dextrins as Prebiotics: A Review of the Existing Evidence and Clinical Trials.

In well-developed countries, people have started to pay additional attention to preserving healthy dietary habits, as it has become common knowledge that neglecting them may easily lead to severe health impairments, namely obesity, malnutrition, several cardiovascular diseases, type-2 diabetes, cancers, hypertensions, and inflammations. Various types of functional foods were developed that are enriched with vitamins, probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary fibers in order to develop a healthy balanced diet and to improve the general health of consumers. Numerous kinds of fiber are easily found in nature, but they often have a noticeable undesired impact on the sensory features of foods or on the digestive system.

Effects of Velocity-Based Training on Strength and Power in Elite Athletes-A Systematic Review.

Due to drawbacks of the percentage-based approach, velocity-based training was proposed as a method to better and more accurately prescribe training loads to increase general and specific performance. The purpose of this study was to perform a systematic review of the studies that show effects of velocity-based resistance training on strength and power performance in elite athletes. Electronic searches of computerized databases were performed according to a protocol that was agreed by all co-authors.

Application of stress-only myocardial perfusion imaging.

Background: Single-photon emission computed tomography myocardial perfusion study is usually a sequence of stress and rest part. In case of a normal stress study rest part can be given up. The objective of this study was to examine factors affecting concordance of results of stress-only (SO) and stress-rest (SR) studies.

Change in Lactate, Ammonia, and Hypoxanthine Concentrations in a 1-Year Training Cycle in Highly Trained Athletes: Applying Biomarkers as Tools to Assess Training Status.

Włodarczyk, M, Kusy, K, Słomińska, E, Krasiński, Z, and Zieliński, J. Change in lactate, ammonia, and hypoxanthine concentrations in a 1-year training cycle in highly trained athletes: applying biomarkers as tools to assess training status. J Strength Cond Res 34(2): 355-364, 2020-The aim was to determine changes in biomarker (LA, NH3, purine metabolites) blood concentration during graded exercise and recovery throughout an annual training cycle in highly trained athletes of different training profiles.

Changes in Blood Concentration of Adenosine Triphosphate Metabolism Biomarkers During Incremental Exercise in Highly Trained Athletes of Different Sport Specializations.

Włodarczyk, M, Kusy, K, Słomińska, E, Krasiński, Z, and Zieliński, J. Changes in blood concentration of adenosine triphosphate metabolism biomarkers during incremental exercise in highly trained athletes of different sport specializations. J Strength Cond Res 33(5): 1192-1200, 2019-We hypothesized that (a) high-level specialized sport training causes different adaptations that induce specific biomarker release dynamics during exercise and recovery and (b) skeletal muscle mass affects biomarker release.

Clifford Algebras Meet Tree Decompositions.

We introduce the non-commutative subset convolution-a convolution of functions useful when working with determinant-based algorithms. In order to compute it efficiently, we take advantage of Clifford algebras, a generalization of quaternions used mainly in the quantum field theory. We apply this tool to speed up algorithms counting subgraphs parameterized by the treewidth of a graph.

Clustering reveals limits of parameter identifiability in multi-parameter models of biochemical dynamics.

Background: Compared to engineering or physics problems, dynamical models in quantitative biology typically depend on a relatively large number of parameters. Progress in developing mathematics to manipulate such multi-parameter models and so enable their efficient interplay with experiments has been slow. Existing solutions are significantly limited by model size.

Effect of CT misalignment on attenuation--corrected myocardial perfusion SPECT.

Background: Use of CT based attenuation correction (AC) for myocardial perfusion SPECT (MPS) is growing fast due to a rapid development of hybrid SPECT/CT systems. SPECT and CT studies are performed in a sequential way extending total study acquisition and making a patient movement more likely. The present work aims at answering the question how large misalignment between SPECT and CT studies should be considered significant and how often those misregistrations are observed.

Diagnostic performance of myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography with attenuation correction.

Background: Myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is one of the basic tools used for the purpose of diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD), prognosis of its unfavourable consequences, and evaluation of therapy effectiveness. However, its efficacy is compromised by a relatively low specificity of detection of perfusion defects, which is attributed to attenuation of gamma rays inside the patient's body, causing artefacts erroneously taken for perfusion defects. It is expected that attenuation correction (AC) could eliminate such artefacts.