Lateral costal artery as a culprit for the steal phenomenon after coronary artery bypass grafting: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) has been widely accepted as the standard for revascularizing the left anterior descending artery during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. However, in 10-20% of cases, the LITA may lead to unsecured side branches to the chest wall, particularly the lateral costal artery (LCA), potentially resulting in postoperative chest angina.

Case Presentation: We report the case of a 58-year-old patient who experienced persistent angina eight months after having undergone coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) due to the steal phenomenon caused by a thick lateral costal artery (LCA).

Infective endocarditis caused by : a case report and review of literature.

Background: constitutes a genus of gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria that act as potentially opportunistic pathogens. With only a few documented case studies to date, species are rarely the cause of a disease in humans.

Case Summary: We report a case involving a 64-year-old male with known mild mitral regurgitation, who presented with fever and dyspnoea.