Investigating phosphorus loads removed by chemical and biological methods in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Poland.

The article presents an analysis of the current methods for phosphorus removal applied in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Poland. Within the study, 131 wastewater treatment plants were investigated, constituting 17 630 500 population equivalent, which is about 1/3 of the overall population equivalent (designed) in Poland. The research was based on a detailed technical questionnaire analysis obtained from wastewater treatment plants operators and calculations of pure metal doses in the applied coagulants and their type per a treated wastewater volume, population equivalent and phosphorus load removed.

Indicators for resource recovery monitoring within the circular economy model implementation in the wastewater sector.

The European Union is currently in the process of transformation toward a circular economy model in which different areas of activity should be integrated for more efficient management of raw materials and waste. The wastewater sector has a great potential in this regard and therefore is an important element of the transformation process to the circular economy model. The targets of the circular economy policy framework such as resource recovery are tightly connected with the wastewater treatment processes and sewage sludge management.

Trends, insights and effects of the Urban Wastewater Treatment Directive (91/271/EEC) implementation in the light of the Polish coastal zone eutrophication.

The intensification of the Baltic Sea eutrophication is associated with the increase of anthropogenic nutrients loads, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus introduced into surface waters from a diffuse, point and natural background sources. Despite the observed decreasing trends in nutrient concentrations in some parts of the Baltic Sea, eutrophication-related indicators continue to deteriorate. This accelerates harmful algal blooms and dissolved oxygen deficits resulting in severe ecosystem disturbance.

Correction to: An Analytical Review of Different Approaches to Wastewater Discharge Standards with Particular Emphasis on Nutrients.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

An Analytical Review of Different Approaches to Wastewater Discharge Standards with Particular Emphasis on Nutrients.

Despite the implementation of strict legal standards concerning nutrient loads within wastewater discharges in all European Union (EU) Member States it was not possible to achieve good ecological and chemical water status by 2015 in all EU countries. The main reasons for this situation are the imperfections of the legislation tools regarding the standardization of wastewater quality and the methodology of determining the conditions for wastewater introduction into receivers. The study aims to review and analyze the currently existing in various countries legal regulations setting the standards for wastewater discharged into receivers, which were intended for surface water protection and eutrophication mitigation.

Mitigation of eutrophication caused by wastewater discharge: A simulation-based approach.

Mitigation of eutrophication, intensified by excessive nutrient load discharge in wastewaters regulated by restrictive legal requirements, remains one of today's most important global problems. Despite implementation of the Water Framework Directive, the Urban Wastewater Directive and the HELCOM recommendations, the actual condition of surface water is still not satisfactory. In response to the above, the study presents an alternative approach for surface water protection against eutrophication based on the selection of appropriate nutrient removal technologies.