Species and Their Association with Gastric Pathology in a Cohort of Dogs with Chronic Gastrointestinal Signs.

Prevalence of individual species, data evaluating their association with gastric pathology and comparison of accuracy of diagnostic techniques are limited. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of gastric species, their association with gastric pathology, and to compare diagnostic techniques. Gastric biopsies from 84 privately-owned dogs with chronic gastrointestinal signs were obtained endoscopically.

Successful Mercaptopurine Usage despite Azathioprine-Induced Pancreatitis in Paediatric Crohn's Disease.

Background: Azathioprine [AZA] and mercaptopurine [MP] are recommended for maintenance of steroid-free remission in children with Crohn`s disease [CD]. Azathioprine-induced pancreatitis, an idiosyncratic and major side effect, has been considered as an absolute contraindication for the use of a second thiopurine in IBD patients.

Materials And Methods: We describe two children with CD in whom MP were successfully trialled after a confirmed azathioprine-induced pancreatitis, being well tolerated in both cases.

Frequencies of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes in Czech and Slovak coeliac patients and the healthy population.

Coeliac disease is an autoimmune disorder with genetic predisposition. The aim was to determine the frequency of HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 in Czech and Slovak patients and the healthy population. The study included 127 patients and 66 healthy volunteers.

Three polymorphisms in promoter of protein C gene with endothelial protein c receptor gene and risk of venous thrombosis.

The primary abnormalities that are associated with a risk of venous thrombosis are the deficiencies of protein C. Protein C (PROC), encoded by the PROC gene, acts through its affinity for binding to its transmembrane endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR) encoded by the EPCR gene. The objective of the study was to analyze the link between three polymorphisms in the promoter of PROC gene, the polymorphism in the EPCR gene and the occurrence of venous thrombosis.

Gene polymorphisms involved in manifestation of leucopenia, digestive intolerance, and pancreatitis in azathioprine-treated patients.

Background: Approximately 10-28 % of patients experience adverse drug reactions related to treatment with thiopurines. The most serious reaction is myelosuppression, typically manifested as leucopenia, which occurs in approximately 2-5 % of patients. Other adverse drug reactions that often accompany thiopurine therapy are pancreatitis, hepatotoxicity, allergic reactions, digestive intolerance, arthralgia, febrile conditions, and rash.

Polymorphism G-308A in the promoter of the tumor necrosis factor-α gene and its association with the risk of venous thromboembolism.

The main abnormalities associated with the increased risk of venous thrombosis are the inherited deficiencies of antithrombin, protein C, protein S, the point mutations known as factor V Leiden and factor II G20210A. The association of other specific genes with thrombotic risk is less known. G-308A polymorphism in the promoter area of the gene coding for tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) is associated with an increased transcription activity of this gene, increased TNF-α production and subsequent predisposition to some illnesses.

Importance of thiopurine S-Methyltransferase gene polymorphisms for prediction of azathioprine toxicity.

Objectives: Our study aims to find the relationship between metabolic enzyme thiopurine S-methyltransferase (TPMT) gene polymorphisms and clinical output of the therapy with azathioprine. We focused on patients who experienced leucopenia caused by high blood levels of active azathioprine metabolites.

Design: Our group consists of 87 patients who have been treated by azathioprine.