The Association between a Recorded Diagnosis of Obesity and Clinically Significant Weight Loss in the Primary Care Setting: A Nationwide Registry.

Introduction: Overweight and obesity (OW/OB) are underdiagnosed. The primary aim was to assess whether a diagnosis of OW/OB recorded by a primary care physician (PCP) is associated with clinically significant weight loss, compared to a missed diagnosis. The secondary aim was to investigate the association between OW/OB diagnosis and patient attendance at dietary consultations.

Missed diagnosis-a major barrier to patient access to obesity healthcare in the primary care setting.

Objective: To investigate whether individuals with an elevated BMI measurement, for whom a diagnosis of overweight or obesity (OW/OB) is not recorded, are less likely to be offered clinical care for obesity compared to those with a recorded diagnosis.

Subjects: A retrospective cohort study using the electronic medical record database of Maccabi Healthcare Services (MHS) in Israel. Included were 200,000 adults with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m measurement recorded during a primary care visit between 2014 and 2020, and no prior diagnosis of OW/OB or related co-morbidities.

A DRAMATIC RESPONSE TO DENOSUMAB: PROTRACTED HYPOCALCEMIA RELATED TO HUMAN T-CELL LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE 1-ASSOCIATED ADULT T-CELL LEUKEMIA/LYMPHOMA.

Objective: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is known for its aggressive behavior, frequently presenting with hypercalcemia. ATL tumor cells uniquely secrete parathyroid hormone-related protein, viral peptides, and inflammatory cytokines, inducing a state of high bone turnover and activation of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway resulting in hypercalcemia.

Methods: A 54-year-old woman diagnosed with ATL presented with severe hypercalcemia refractory to bisphosphonate therapy.

C1q/TNF-Related Proteins, HIV and HIV-Associated Factors, and Cardiometabolic Phenotypes in Middle-Aged Women.

C1q/tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related proteins (CTRPs) have been linked to energy homeostasis and vascular health. People with HIV are susceptible to cardiometabolic disease, but the contributions of different CTRPs are unknown. We investigated the associations of HIV and related factors with serum CTRPs, and CTRPs' relationships with cardiometabolic phenotypes.

Lipolysis defect in white adipose tissue and rapid weight regain.

Weight regain after weight loss is a well-described phenomenon in both humans and animal models of obesity. Reduced energy expenditure and increased caloric intake are considered the main drivers of weight regain. We hypothesized that adipose tissue with obesity memory (OM) has a tissue-autonomous lipolytic defect, allowing for increased efficiency of lipid storage.

The fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR suppresses NF-κB signaling by directly inhibiting the linear ubiquitin assembly complex LUBAC.

The systems integration of whole-body metabolism and immune signaling are central homeostatic mechanisms necessary for maintenance of normal physiology, and dysregulation of these processes leads to a variety of chronic disorders. However, the intracellular mechanisms responsible for cell-autonomous cross-talk between the inflammatory signaling pathways and metabolic flux have remained enigmatic. In this study, we discovered that the fructose-2,6-bisphosphatase TIGAR (Tp53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator) critically regulates NF-κB activation.

Preventing progression from gestational diabetes mellitus to diabetes: A thought-filled review.

Women with a history of gestational diabetes are at high risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus. In studies with long periods of follow-up, diabetes incidence of up to 70% has been reported. The appropriate follow-up of women following a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes has not been studied.

BMI at Age 17 Years and Diabetes Mortality in Midlife: A Nationwide Cohort of 2.3 Million Adolescents.

Objective: The sequelae of increasing childhood obesity are of major concern. We assessed the association of BMI in late adolescence with diabetes mortality in midlife.

Research Design And Methods: The BMI values of 2,294,139 Israeli adolescents (age 17.

Cognitive Performance at Late Adolescence and the Risk for Impaired Fasting Glucose Among Young Adults.

Context: Although dysglycemia is a risk factor for cognitive decline, it is unknown whether cognitive performance among young and apparently healthy adults affect the risk for impaired fasting glucose (IFG).

Objective: This study aimed to characterize the relationship between cognitive function and the risk for IFG among young adults.

Design And Setting: This was a retrospective cohort study utilizing data collected at pre-military recruitment assessments with information collected at the screening center of Israeli Army Medical Corps.

Chemerin concentrations in maternal and fetal compartments: implications for metabolic adaptations to normal human pregnancy.

Objectives: Chemerin, a novel adipocytokine, has been implicated in major metabolic and inflammatory processes. Study aims were to determine whether circulating maternal chemerin concentration (1) differs between pregnant and non-pregnant women, (2) changes as a function of gestational age, and (3) correlates with maternal insulin resistance. In addition, we investigated which compartment, maternal, fetal or placental, is the source of chemerin in maternal circulation.

Chemerin is present in human cord blood and is positively correlated with birthweight.

Objective: Chemerin, a novel adipokine, has been implicated in adipogenesis, inflammation, and metabolism. The aims of this study were to determine the presence of chemerin in cord blood and its association with birthweight.

Study Design: This cross-sectional study included the following: (1) twins with (n = 24) or without (n = 28) birthweight discordancy; and (2) singletons subclassified into small-for-gestational-age (SGA; n = 18); appropriate for gestational age (AGA; n = 33); and large-for-gestational-age (LGA; n = 8).

p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent transactivation of ErbB receptor family: a novel common mechanism for stress-induced IRS-1 serine phosphorylation and insulin resistance.

Objective: Stress stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) have been shown to induce insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1 serine phosphorylation and insulin resistance by transactivation of ErbB receptors. We aimed at elucidating the potential role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in mediating stress-induced ErbB receptors activation.

Research Design And Methods: p38MAPK effect on ErbBs transactivation and insulin signaling was assessed in Fao or HepG2 cells, exposed to stress stimuli, and on metabolic parameters in ob/ob and C57/BL6 mice.

Infectious aspects and the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis.

Infections are believed to contribute to the maturation of the immune system from the innate to the adaptive phases and therefore may take part in the induction of autoimmune conditions. In the current study, we present an extensive analysis conducted on sera samples of patients with rheumatoid arthritis in order to seek evidence of previous or coexisting infectious processes using the Bio-Rad BioPlex immunoassay analyzer. We detected higher rates of serological evidence of infections with Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus viruses.