Some of the most commonly identified freshwater toxins are anatoxin-a (ATX-a), cylindrospermopsin (CYN), and microcystin-LR (MC-LR). The aim of this paper was to compare different methods of extracting and concentrating these cyanotoxins and check the impact of selected physical factors on the accumulation of biomass of Dolichospermum flos-aquae, Microcystis aeruginosa, and Raphidiopsis raciborskii. The effect of different cyanobacteria cultivation conditions on the amount of cyanotoxins synthesized showed no significant changes over time in the average concentration of all tested toxins in the medium compared to the control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlgal blooms are an emerging problem. The massive development of phytoplankton is driven partly by the anthropogenic eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems and the expansion of toxic cyanobacteria in planktonic communities in temperate climate zones by the continual increase in global temperature. Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) not only disturb the ecological balance of the ecosystem, but they also prevent the use of waterbodies by humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCyanobacteria produce a range of toxic secondary metabolites that affect many processes in human, animal and also plant cells. In recent years, some efforts have concentrated on deepening the understanding of their effect on living cells in the context of the disruption of antioxidant systems. Many results suggest that cyanotoxins interfere with glutathione (GSH) metabolism, which often leads to oxidative stress and, in many cases, cell death.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of 1 mg and 0.5 mg oxycodone administration in a spinal block procedure for a total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Patients And Methods: Forty-two THA patients aged 59-81 with American Society Anesthesiology (ASA) II-III were included.
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) is a toxic secondary metabolite produced by several freshwater species of cyanobacteria. Its high chemical stability and wide biological activity pose a series of threats for human and animal morbidity and mortality. The biggest risk of CYN exposure for human organism comes from the consumption of contaminated water, fish or seafood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFToxins produced by cyanobacteria (cyanotoxins) are among the most dangerous natural compounds. In recent years, there have been many published papers related to the toxic alkaloids cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and anatoxin-a (ANTX-a), which are synthesized by several freshwater species of cyanobacteria (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRectal tenesmus pain in cancer patients most frequently appears in patients with colon cancer, and as a consequence of radiotherapy of the hypogastrium region. Treatment with opioids and adjuvant analgesics is often ineffective. Here, we report on two female patients diagnosed with colon and ovary cancer, respectively, who had very severe tenesmus pain (numerical rating scale 8-10) despite using high doses of opioids, including methadone with corticosteroids, anticonvulsants, antidepressants and ketamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe autologous, synthetic, and animal-derived grafts currently used as scaffolds for tissue replacement have limitations due to low availability, poor biocompatibility, and cost. Plant tissues have favorable characteristics that make them uniquely suited for use as scaffolds, such as high surface area, excellent water transport and retention, interconnected porosity, preexisting vascular networks, and a wide range of mechanical properties. Two successful methods of plant decellularization for tissue engineering applications are described here.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHuman skin is constantly exposed to damaging ultraviolet radiation (UVR), which induces a number of acute and chronic disorders. To reduce the risk of UV-induced skin injury, people apply an additional external protection in the form of cosmetic products containing sunscreens. Nowadays, because of the use of some chemical filters raises a lot of controversies, research focuses on exploring novel, fully safe and highly efficient natural UV-absorbing compounds that could be used as active ingredients in sun care products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Oxycodone is poorly studied as an adjuvant to central blockades. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the efficacy and safety of oxycodone hydrochloride in epidural blockade among patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty (THA).
Patients And Methods: In 11 patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification system II/III, age range: 59-82 years), THA was conducted with an epidural blockade using 15 mL 0.
The commercial success of tissue engineering products requires efficacy, cost effectiveness, and the possibility of scaleup. Advances in tissue engineering require increased sophistication in the design of biomaterials, often challenging the current manufacturing techniques. Interestingly, several of the properties that are desirable for biomaterial design are embodied in the structure and function of plants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLichen species typically have a characteristic profile of secondary metabolites. Dense populations of Hypogymnia physodes growing frequently as epiphytes on tree branches have harmful effects on the host, likely due to their secondary compounds, which were undetected in tree tissues until now. The aim of the present study was to re-characterise the suite of secondary metabolites of H.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the polar regions cyanobacteria are an important element of plant communities and represent the dominant group of primary producers. They commonly form thick highly diverse biological soil crusts that provide microhabitats for other organisms. Cyanobacteria are also producers of toxic secondary metabolites.
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