Sarcopenia - Endocrinological and Neurological Aspects.

Sarcopenia in geriatric patients is often associated with or even caused by changes of the endocrine and nervous system. The multifactorial pathogenesis of sarcopenia and additional multimorbidity in geriatric patients makes it difficult to study distinct pathogenic pathways leading to sarcopenia. Patients suffering from diabetes, Cushing's syndrome, chronic kidney disease, Klinefelter's syndrome or motor neuron diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis for example are known to have impaired muscle property and reduced physical performance.

Host surface properties affect prepenetration processes in the barley powdery mildew fungus.

The initial contact between Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei and its host barley (Hordeum vulgare) takes place on epicuticular waxes at the surfaces of aerial plant organs.