Blood group in relation to oral Fordyce's granules and serum cholesterol level.

Background: The ABO and Rh systems are the most commonly used blood-group systems used to classify blood group globally. A number of studies have shown that ABO blood groups may be associated with an increased serum cholesterol levels which in turn may be related to the presence of oral Fordyce spots or granules. Oral Fordyce's granules are ectopic sebaceous glands within the oral cavity and are visible through epithelium.

Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scales to Detect Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review.

Background: The largest proportion of people with dementia worldwide live in low- and middle- income countries (LMICs), with dementia prevalence continuing to rise. Assessment and diagnosis of dementia involves identifying the impact of cognitive decline on function, usually measured by instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs).

Objective: This review aimed to identify IADL measures which are specifically developed, validated, or adapted for use in LMICs to guide selection of such tools.

Exposure-lag response of smoking prevalence on lung cancer incidence using a distributed lag non-linear model.

The prevalence of smokers is a major driver of lung cancer incidence in a population, though the "exposure-lag" effects are ill-defined. Here we present a multi-country ecological modelling study using a 30-year smoking prevalence history to quantify the exposure-lag response. To model the temporal dependency between smoking prevalence and lung cancer incidence, we used a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), controlling for gender, age group, country, outcome year, and population at risk, and presented the effects as the incidence rate ratio (IRR) and cumulative incidence rate ratio (IRR).

The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and across East Asian, European and Mediterranean countries: a meta-analysis.

Background: The current literature suggests a protective benefit of ( infection against inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Here we assessed whether this effect varied by IBD subtype-Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC)-and geographic region: East Asia, Europe (non-Mediterranean) or Mediterranean region.

Methods: A database search was performed up to July 2019 inclusive for all studies that compared infection in IBD patients vs.