Background: Despite health disparities and barriers to medical care being well documented in the literature, transgender and gender nonbinary (TGNB) people's experiences and expectations with regard to oral health care remain understudied. The authors examined gender identity-related factors influencing experiences in the dental setting, aspects of subjective oral health, and avoidance of oral health care.
Methods: One-hundred eighteen TGNB people aged 13 through 70 years completed a 32-item questionnaire designed for this study.
Diet is a well-established, modifiable factor influencing dental caries risk. However, evidence regarding its association with distinct clinical patterns of dental caries is lacking. The purpose of this study was to identify the association of child nutrition patterns with two distinct clinical presentations (subtypes) of childhood dental caries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe aims of this study was to compare dental treatment costs for three pharmacologic behavior guidance modalities: (1) dental office-based moderate sedation (SED); (2) hospital-based general anesthesia (GA-H); and (3) dental office-based general anesthesia (GA-OFF). Data were collected for healthy two- to six-year-olds who had full-mouth rehabilitation using GA-H at the University of North Carolina Children's Hospital, Chapel Hill, N.C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: It is recognized that eating disorders are serious psychosocial illnesses that affect many adolescents and adults. A pre and post survey study was developed to assess demographics, oral health knowledge and self-image of patients with eating disorders participating in a hospital-based eating disorder clinic using an original oral health education program. The program's aim is to change the self-image and oral health practices of patients with anorexia-binge eating/purging (AN-BP) and bulimia nervosa (BN) disorders.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAssess how pediatric dentists (PD) and general practitioners (GP) manage after-hours pediatric dental emergencies according to perceived urgency. A survey was e-mailed to PD and GP in North Carolina. Participants responded to management of 18 cases (primary and permanent dentition) according to perceived urgency.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There is a gap in the literature regarding optimal methods for the dental team to help address the childhood obesity epidemic; accordingly, this investigation sought to identify preferred communication approaches the dental team can rely upon to initiate dialogue with caregivers regarding the weight of their children.
Study Design: A structured interview guide containing seven potential Healthy Weight Counseling (HWC) approaches and eight follow up questions was developed, pilot-tested, revised and utilized as a structured interview guide. Interviews were conducted at the Children's Clinic at the School of Dentistry at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) with 50 participants who are English-speaking caregivers of children ages 4-12.
Purpose: The aims of this study were to describe the demographic characteristics of pediatric dentistry patients undergoing dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia (DRGA) at UNC-Chapel Hill during the last 13 years and identify factors associated with multiple (1 versus 2 or more) DRGA visits during that timeframe.
Study Design: Administrative claims data were used to identify children and adolescents (age <18 years) who underwent DRGA between 1/1/2002 and 12/31/2014 at the UNC Hospitals system. Information on children's age, sex and all treatment-associated CDT codes were collected.
refers to the practice of removing primary canine tooth follicles in infants without anesthetic by African traditional healers or elders using unsterilized instruments. This report describes a case of or infant oral mutilation (IOM) and associated sequelae in a child adopted from a remote African tribe. The intraoral examination revealed that the patient was missing his primary maxillary and mandibular canines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: A genetic component in early childhood caries (ECC) is theorized, but no genome-wide investigations of ECC have been conducted. This pilot study is part of a long-term research program aimed to: (1) determine the proportion of ECC variance attributable to the human genome and (2) identify ECC-associated genetic loci.
Methods: The study's community-based sample comprised 212 children (mean age=39 months; range = 30-52 months; males = 55%; Hispanic/Latino = 35%, African-American = 32%; American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry definition of ECC prevalence = 38%).
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess after-hours practice characteristics of pediatric dentists (PDs) and general dentists (GDs) and determine how patients-of-record obtain after-hours emergency dental care.
Methods: A 29-item survey was electronically distributed to PDs and GDs in North Carolina in September 2014. Demographics and after-hours emergency practice characteristics were assessed.
J Public Health Dent
September 2016
Objectives: To examine professional guidelines and/or requirements of state and national dental organizations regarding the responsibility of dentists for after-hours emergency care.
Methods: Guidelines of national dental professional organizations, specialties, and all 50 state dental boards were examined for language pertaining to after-hours emergency care. Guidelines were categorized as: a) no guidelines; b) deferral to American Dental Association (ADA) guidelines; c) specific guidelines outlined.
The postdoctoral application and matching process in dental education is a high-stakes and resource-intensive process for all involved. While programs seek the most qualified candidates, applicants strive to be competitive to increase their likelihood of being accepted to a desirable program. There are limited data regarding either subjective or objective factors underlying the complex interplay between programs and applicants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The objectives are to ascertain how much is known about the eating disorders of bulimia and anorexia nervosa in a group of female adolescents, to determine if they had practiced behaviors consistent with these eating disorders, and to determine if there was a disconnect with actual and perceived healthy weight status.
Study Design: 126 research subjects completed a survey instrument. Embedded in the eighteen question survey were the five "SCOFF" questions, to determine if an eating disorder may exist.
Dental caries is a multifactorial disease that includes behavioral and cultural components. The study's purpose was to determine the caries experienced (as measured by dmft) in a group of 2-5 y/o children, assess their family and home environment including consumption of fluoridated drinking water, use of a fluoride containing dentifrice, and level of caregiver formal education. Parents of children referred for dental treatment under general anesthesia and who either spoke and read English or Spanish were recruited and consent obtained.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a significant relationship between adjusted body mass index (BMI) percentiles and the frequency of decayed, missing, and filled primary teeth (dmft) in a retrospective cohort of 3- to 5-year-old children.
Methods: Data was collected from 215 3- to 5-year old children with an American Society of Anesthesiologists class I or II physical status who had received dental treatment under general anesthesia at a university hospital between 2007 and 2008. The diagnosis of dental caries and dmft scores were confirmed by oral and radiographic examination.
Caries and obesity are two common conditions affecting children in the United States and other developed countries. Caries in the teeth of susceptible children have often been associated with frequent ingestion of fermentable sugars such as sucrose, fructose, glucose, and maltose. Increased calorie intake associated with sugars and carbohydrates, especially when associated with physical inactivity, has been implicated in childhood obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMail-in pilot-tested questionnaires were sent to a stratified random sample of 1,500 families from the North Carolina Autism Registry. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the significance of unmet dental needs and other predictors. Of 568 surveys returned (Response Rate = 38%), 555 were complete and usable.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to describe children <6 years requiring general anesthesia for dental treatment and factors associated with a change in medical management prior to surgery.
Study Design: This case series reviewed the past medical history and preoperative assessment of patients referred for dental preoperative evaluations at a single institution (2005-2008). A "deflection" was defined as a recommendation to change preoperative or operative care based on the preoperative assessment.
This is a case report of a patient with idiopathic gingival hyperplasia and an undiagnosed genetic disorder that demonstrated static encephalopathy, mental retardation, developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, and severe gingival hypertrophy. The clinical dental management and attempts to obtain a genetic diagnosis are described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethods: Ninety 3-5 year old children, 43 in the control group and 47 in the intervention group, participated in the study. An age and developmental appropriate prop-based oral health and nutrition intervention program was used. Subjects in the intervention group received a pre-test, an 8-10 minute prop-supported intervention, followed by an immediate post-test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus) are one of the most abundant large macropodids sharing the landscape with humans. Despite this, little is known about the prevalence of Leptospira carriage within this species and the role that they may partake in the transmission of this disease in Australia. The sera of 87 free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos, captured in the Warragamba Catchment Area, Sydney, Australia, from June 2004 to November 2006, were screened against a reference panel of 22 Leptospira serovars using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: The aim of this study was to determine if specific variables in a theorized socio-ecological model are associated with returning for post-operative care after dental treatment under general anesthesia.
Methods: A 26 item cross-sectional survey assessing socio-ecological variables of 100 families of patients receiving dental treatment under general anesthesia was conducted. Chi-square tests and logistic regressions were used to investigate associations between returning for post-operative care with child, family, clinic and environmental variables described in the proposed socio-ecological model.
Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the records of pediatric dental patients treated under general anesthesia to determine if there had been any significant change in preoperative diagnoses between 1990-99 and 2000-08.
Study Design: The records of 3298 pediatric dental patients treated in the operating room under general anesthesia at the University of North Carolina (UNC) Children's Hospital were examined and medical diagnoses recorded. The number of cases treated by calendar year was obtained.
Polymethacrylate monoliths, specifically poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) or poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monoliths, are a new generation of chromatographic supports and are significantly different from conventional particle-based adsorbents, membranes, and other monolithic supports for biomolecule purification. Similar to other monoliths, polymethacrylate monoliths possess large pores which allow convective flow of mobile phase and result in high flow rates at reduced pressure drop, unlike particulate supports. The simplicity of the adsorbent synthesis, pH resistance, and the ease and flexibility of tailoring their pore size to that of the target biomolecule are the key properties which differentiate polymethacrylate monoliths from other monoliths.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis case report documents the dental management of two permanent maxillary central incisors with a severe intrusive labial luxation injury in conjunction with one complicated and one uncomplicated crown fracture. Additionally, there was a fracture of the labial cortical plate which remained attached to the overlying soft tissue. The two affected teeth and fractured labial plate of bone were surgically repositioned and splinted.
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